{"NOAAStudyId":"8644","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2009-03-01","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-8644.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1219,"earliestYearCE":731,"entryId":"noaa-lake-8644","funding":[],"investigators":"Steinitz-Kannan, M.; Cole, J.E.; Bush, M.B.; Overpeck, J.T.; Colinvaux, P.A.; Restrepo, A.; Conroy, J.L.","mostRecentYearBP":-54,"mostRecentYearCE":2004,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/8644","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Through its intimate connection with the El Nino/Southern Oscillation system, climate variability in the tropical Pacific Ocean influences climate across much of the planet. But the history of temperature change in the tropical Pacific Ocean during recent millennia is poorly known: the available annually resolved records are discontinuous and rarely span more than a few centuries. Longer records at coarser temporal resolution suggest that significant oceanographic changes, observed at multi-year to multi-century resolution, have had important effects on global climate. Here we use a diatom record from El Junco Lake, Galapagos, to produce a calibrated, continuous record of sea surface temperature in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean at subdecadal resolution, spanning the past 1,200 years. Our reconstruction reveals that the most recent 50 years are the warmest 50-year period within \r\nthe record.  Because our diatom-based sea surface temperature index resembles Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstructions, we suggest that with continued anthropogenic warming, the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean may continue to warm.","author":{"name":"Conroy, J.L, A. Restrepo, J.T. Overpeck, M. Steinitz-Kannan, \r\nJ.E. Cole, M.B. Bush, and P.A. Colinvaux."},"citation":"Conroy, J.L, A. Restrepo, J.T. Overpeck, M. Steinitz-Kannan, \r\nJ.E. Cole, M.B. Bush, and P.A. Colinvaux. 2009. Unprecedented recent warming of surface temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. Nature Geoscience, 2(1), 46-50. doi: 10.1038/NGEO390","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/NGEO390","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/NGEO390"},"issue":"1","journal":"Nature Geoscience","pages":"46-50","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2009,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Unprecedented recent warming of surface temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean","type":"publication","volume":"2"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["PAGES LOTRED SA2k","PAGES 2k Network"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"9286","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-.87","-89.45"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-89.45","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"-0.87","southernmostLatitude":"-0.87","westernmostLongitude":"-89.45"}},"locationName":"Continent>South America>Ecuador","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"12517","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>population abundance"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/ecuador/galapagos/eljunco2009.txt","linkText":"eljunco2009.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"tychoplanktic:epiphytic diatoms","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>diatom>diatom index>diatom ratio"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>population abundance"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/ecuador/galapagos/eljunco2009.xls","linkText":"eljunco2009.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"ELJUNCO T/E Index","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1219,"earliestYearBP":1219,"earliestYearCE":731,"mostRecentYear":-54,"mostRecentYearBP":-54,"mostRecentYearCE":2004,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"El Junco"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"El Junco Lake, Galapagos Diatom T/E Index Data","studyNotes":"El Junco Lake, Galapagos tychoplanktonic to epiphytic (T:E) diatom index, with the corresponding sampling depths and ages in Year AD (calibrated radiocarbon, 210Pb and 137Cs age model).  Age model data is published in Conroy et al. (2008).\n\nADDITIONAL REFERENCE:\nConroy, J.L., J.T. Overpeck, J.E. Cole, T.M. Shanahan, and M. Steinitz-Kannan. 2008. Holocene changes in eastern tropical Pacific climate inferred from a Galapagos lake sediment record. Quaternary Science Reviews, 27(11-12): 1166-1180.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"2302"}