{"NOAAStudyId":"8656","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2009-07-01","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lake-8656.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":12950,"earliestYearCE":-11000,"entryId":"noaa-lake-8656","funding":[],"investigators":"Brauer, A.; Haug, G.H.; Dulski, P.; Sigman, D.M.; Negendank, J.F.W.","mostRecentYearBP":10950,"mostRecentYearCE":-9000,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/8656","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The Younger Dryas cooling 12,700 years ago is one of the most abrupt climate changes observed in Northern Hemisphere palaeoclimate records. Annually laminated lake sediments are ideally suited to record the dynamics of such abrupt changes, as the seasonal deposition responds immediately to climate, and the varve counts provide an accurate estimate of the timing of the change. Here, we present sub-annual records of varve microfacies and geochemistry from Lake Meerfelder Maar in western Germany, providing one of the best dated records of this climate transition. Our data indicate an abrupt increase in storminess during the autumn to spring seasons, occurring from one year to the next at 12,679 yr BP, broadly coincident with other changes in this region.  We suggest that this shift in wind strength represents an abrupt change in the North Atlantic westerlies towards a stronger and more zonal jet. Changes in meridional overturning circulation alone cannot fully explain the changes in European climate; we suggest the observed wind shift provides the mechanism for the strong temporal link between North Atlantic Ocean overturning circulation and European climate during deglaciation.","author":null,"citation":"Brauer, A., Haug, G.H., Dulski, P., Sigman, D.M., Negendank, J.F.W. 2008. An abrupt wind shift in western Europe at the onset of the Younger Dryas cold period. Nature Geoscience, 1, 520-523.","edition":null,"identifier":null,"issue":null,"journal":"Nature Geoscience","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2008,"reportNumber":null,"title":"An abrupt wind shift in western Europe at the onset of the Younger Dryas cold period","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"22953","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["50.1","6.75"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"6.75","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"50.1","southernmostLatitude":"50.1","westernmostLongitude":"6.75"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Western Europe>Germany","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"12530","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/germany/meerfelder-maar2008.txt","linkText":"meerfelder-maar2008.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>varve thickness"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count per second","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>iron"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"smoothed 11 point running average","cvDataType":"PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":"smoothed","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count per second","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>iron"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleolimnology>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/germany/meerfelder-maar2008.xls","linkText":"meerfelder-maar2008.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"Lake Meerfelder Maar Core MEERFELD","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":12950,"earliestYearBP":12950,"earliestYearCE":-11000,"mostRecentYear":10950,"mostRecentYearBP":10950,"mostRecentYearCE":-9000,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Lake Meerfelder Maar"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Lake Meerfelder Maar Younger Dryas Varved Sediment Data","studyNotes":"Varve thickness and iron content data for Lake Meerfelder Maar, western Germany, across the Younger Dryas cold interval at sub-annual resolution.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"2299"}