{"NOAAStudyId":"23079","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2017-11-15","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"LAKE LEVELS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/lake-level-reconstruction","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-lakelevel-23079.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":11900,"earliestYearCE":-9950,"entryId":"noaa-lakelevel-23079","funding":[],"investigators":"Shuman, B.N.; Carter, G.E.; Hougardy, D.D.; Powers, K.; Shinker, J.J.","mostRecentYearBP":250,"mostRecentYearCE":1700,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/23079","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Lake-level changes since ca. 3.6 kilo-annum (ka) at Emerald Lake in the Upper Arkansas River Basin of west-central Colorado coincide in time with changes of the opposite direction at Lake of the Woods in northwestern Wyoming. The contrast provides evidence of a multi-centennial moisture dipole across the Southern and Central Rocky Mountains' region similar to one associated with the effects of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on annual to decadal time scales today. Cores and ground penetrating radar (GPR) profiles from Emerald Lake show that deep-water muds accumulated as extensively across the lake basin as today at ca. 3.6–3.0 and 1.4–0.8 ka, and nearly as extensively at 2.5–1.9 ka. The extensive muds indicate episodes of high water at Emerald Lake and date to times when Lake of the Woods was low. Nearshore sand layers at Emerald Lake indicate that water levels fell during the intervening centuries, including when bristlecone pine chronologies have documented repeated multi-decadal droughts in the Upper Arkansas River Basin. Water levels were also low, based on the absence of nearshore mud accumulation, before ca. 3.6 ka, and dramatically lower (>2 m in the currently 4.5-m deep lake) before a sharp rise in water levels by ca. 5.7 ka. A basin-wide change in sediment accumulation patterns, consistent with an expansion and deepening of the lake at ca. 5.7 ka, correlates with regional cooling and similar evidence of increased effective moisture at Lake of the Woods and other sites throughout central North America. The step increase in moisture availability may relate to a global-scale reorganization of climatic patterns, which developed as the mid- and high-latitudes cooled in response to a decline in summer insolation.","author":{"name":"Shuman, B.N., G.E. Carter, D.D. Hougardy, K. Powers, and J.J. Shinker"},"citation":"Shuman, B.N., G.E. Carter, D.D. Hougardy, K. Powers, and J.J. Shinker. 2014. A north-south moisture dipole at multi-century scales in the Central and Southern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A., during the late Holocene. Rocky Mountain Geology, 49(1), 33-49. doi: 10.2113/gsrocky.49.1.33","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.2113/gsrocky.49.1.33","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsrocky.49.1.33"},"issue":"1","journal":"Rocky Mountain Geology","pages":"33-49","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2014,"reportNumber":null,"title":"A north-south moisture dipole at multi-century scales in the Central and Southern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A., during the late Holocene","type":"publication","volume":"49"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Other Hydroclimate Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"57527","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["39.152","-106.406"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-106.406","maxElevationMeters":"3053","minElevationMeters":"3053","northernmostLatitude":"39.152","southernmostLatitude":"39.152","westernmostLongitude":"-106.406"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>Colorado","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"34354","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>lake levels"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/NAm2kHydro-2017/data-version-1.0.0/Emerald.Shuman.2014.lpd","linkText":"Emerald Lake, CO Lake Level Data","urlDescription":"Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) File Format","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|LAKE LEVELS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Elevation below modern; 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Multi-core sediment stratigraphy constrains lake elevation","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|LAKE LEVELS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"range lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydrographic variable>lake level"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>lake levels"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/NAm2kHydro-2017/noaa-templates/data-version-1.0.0/Emerald.Shuman.2014.txt","linkText":"Emerald Lake, CO Lake Level Data","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|LAKE LEVELS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Elevation below modern; Multi-core sediment stratigraphy constrains lake elevation","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|LAKE LEVELS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydrographic variable>lake level"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|LAKE LEVELS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Elevation below modern; Multi-core sediment stratigraphy constrains lake elevation","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|LAKE LEVELS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"range upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydrographic variable>lake level"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Elevation below modern; Multi-core sediment stratigraphy constrains lake elevation","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|LAKE LEVELS|PALEOLIMNOLOGY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"range lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydrographic variable>lake level"}]}],"dataTableName":"Emerald.Shuman.2014","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":11900,"earliestYearBP":11900,"earliestYearCE":-9950,"mostRecentYear":250,"mostRecentYearBP":250,"mostRecentYearCE":1700,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Emerald Lake, Colorado"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Emerald Lake, Colorado Lake Level Data during the Holocene","studyNotes":"Lake level units are in \"cm below modern level\", so positive values indicate a drop in lake level. Contributed as part of the PAGES2k North American Hydroclimate synthesis project.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"21296"}