{"NOAAStudyId":"12970","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-05-30","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"LOESS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/loess-eolian-dust","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-loess-12970.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":6935000,"earliestYearCE":-6933050,"entryId":"noaa-loess-12970","funding":[],"investigators":"Sun, Y.; An, Z.; Clemens, S.C.; Bloemendal, J.; Vandenberghe, J.","mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12970","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Recent studies of the eolian deposits in northern China have extended \r\nthe East Asian monsoon history back to the early Miocene. However, \r\nthe relative intensities of monsoonal winds and precipitation and \r\nthe extent of their coupling prior to the Pleistocene epoch remain \r\npoorly constrained, mainly due to uncertainties in the interpretation \r\nof proxy indices generated from the Mio-Pliocene Red Clay sequences. \r\nHere we reconstruct East Asian monsoon oscillations over the past \r\n7 Ma using magnetic susceptibility and carbonate content as summer \r\nmonsoon (precipitation) proxies, and quartz grain size as a winter \r\nmonsoon (wind intensity) index.  Our results suggest that \r\nprecipitation and wind intensity exhibited significant orbital-scale \r\nvariations prior to 4.2 Ma, followed by slightly damped variability \r\nbetween 4.2 and 2.75 Ma. Subsequently, East Asian monsoon circulation \r\nexperienced two large shifts at about 2.75 and 1.25 Ma, characterized \r\nby stepwise strengthening of glacial wind and interglacial \r\nprecipitation. A remarkable change in East Asian monsoon seasonality \r\noccurred around 3.15-2.75 Ma. Prior to 3.15 Ma, strong winds were \r\npositively correlated with high effective precipitation, whereas \r\nafter 2.75 Ma strong winds were negatively correlated with heavy \r\nprecipitation. This shift was probably induced by a change from \r\nan insolation-forced system to one strongly influenced by the \r\ncombined effects of the phased uplift of the Himalaya-Tibetan \r\nPlateau and the simultaneous development of the Northern Hemisphere \r\nice sheets.\r\n\r\n","author":null,"citation":"Sun, Y.B., Z.S. An, S.C. Clemens, J. Bloemendal, \r\nand J. Vandenberghe. 2010. \r\nSeven million years of wind and precipitation variability \r\non the Chinese Loess Plateau. \r\nEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 297, pp.525-535. \r\ndoi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.07.004 ","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.epsl.2010.07.004","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2010.07.004"},"issue":null,"journal":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2010,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Seven million years of wind and precipitation variability  on the Chinese Loess Plateau","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Monsoon"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"53064","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["35.0667","107.65"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"107.65","maxElevationMeters":"1350","minElevationMeters":"1350","northernmostLatitude":"35.0667","southernmostLatitude":"35.0667","westernmostLongitude":"107.65"}},"locationName":"Continent>Asia>Eastern Asia>China","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"22439","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>loess"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/loess/china/sun2010lingtai.txt","linkText":"sun2010lingtai.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":"corrected","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"3 points smoothing","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":"smoothed","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"unspecified unit","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"3 points smoothing","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":"normalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"unspecified unit","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"3 points smoothing","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":"smoothed","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"weight percent","cvWhat":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"3 points smoothing","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":"smoothed","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"3 points smoothing","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":"normalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"micrometer","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size parameter>grain size mean"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":"normalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"physical property>diameter>grain size>grain size parameter>grain size mean"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"normalized and averaged magnetic susceptibility and carbonate data","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":"composited","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"statistical variable>proxy composite"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>loess"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/loess/china/sun2010lingtai.xls","linkText":"sun2010lingtai.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"Lingtai2010","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":6935000,"earliestYearBP":6935000,"earliestYearCE":-6933050,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Lingtai"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Lingtai Loess 7Ma Magnetic Susceptibility, Grain Size, and Carbonate Data","studyNotes":"Magnetic susceptibility, grain size, and carbonate data for the past \n7 million years from the loess-paleosol and Red Clay sequence located \nat Lingtai on the southern Chinese Loess Plateau. The Quaternary \nloess-palaeosol sequence (168 m) is underlain by the 120-m-thick \nlate Neogene Red Clay formation. \n\nSamples were taken at 8 cm intervals for the loess-palaeosol sequences \nand 4 cm intervals for the Red Clay formation. A total of 5100 samples \nwere collected for proxy analyses. \n\nMagnetic susceptibility was measured using a Bartington MS2 meter \nat the Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences. \nCarbonate content was determined by a volumetric method, with an error \nof less than 3%. Particle-size distributions of bulk and quartz samples \nwere determined using a Malvern Mastersize S laser-diffraction analyzer \nat the Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences. \n\nLingtai, Chinese Loess Plateau: 35°04'N, 107°39'E, 1350 m elev. \n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"11012"}