{"NOAAStudyId":"9702","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2010-10-27","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"LOESS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/loess-eolian-dust","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-loess-9702.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":141250,"earliestYearCE":-139300,"entryId":"noaa-loess-9702","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Natural Science Foundation of China","fundingGrant":"40772116"},{"fundingAgency":"National Basic Research Program of China","fundingGrant":"2010CB833406"},{"fundingAgency":"MOST special fund for SKLLQG","fundingGrant":"0701"},{"fundingAgency":"Netherlands Organization  for Scientific Research (NWO)","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Song, Y.G.; Shi, Z.T.; Fang, X.M.; Nie, J.S.; Ishikawa, N.; Qiang, X.K.; Wang, X.L.","mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/9702","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Over the past two decades, magnetoclimatological studies of \nloess-paleosol sequences in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) \nhave made outstanding achievements, which greatly promote \nthe understanding of East Asian paleomonsoon evolution, \ninland aridification of Asia, and past global climate changes. \nLoess magnetic properties of the CLP have been well studied. \nIn contrast, loess magnetic properties from outside the CLP \nin China have not been fully understood. We have little \nknowledge about the magnetic properties of loess in the \nIli Basin, an intermontane depression of the Tianshan \n(or Tien Shan) Mountains. Here, we present the results \nof rock magnetic measurements of the Ili loess including \nmass magnetic susceptibility (?) and anhysteretic remanent \nmagnetization (ARM), high/low temperature dependence of \nsusceptibility (TDS) and hysteresis, as well as X-ray \ndiffraction (XRD) for mineral analysis. Based on the \ncomparison with loess-paleosol sequences in the CLP \n(hereafter referred to as the Chinese loess), we discuss \nthe possible magnetic susceptibility enhancement mechanism \nof the Ili loess. The results show that 1) the total magnetic \nmineral concentration of the Ili loess is far lower than that \nof the Chinese loess, though they have similar magnetic mineral \ncompositions. The ferrimagnetic minerals in the Ili loess are \nmagnetite and maghemite, and the antiferromagnetic mineral \nis hematite; XRD analysis also identifies the presence of \nilmenite. The ratio of maghemite is lower in the Ili loess \nthan in the Chinese loess, but the ratios of magnetite and \nhematite are higher in the Ili loess than in the Chinese loess. \n2) The granularity of magnetic minerals in the Ili loess, \ndominated by pseudo-single domain (PSD) and multi-domain (MD) \ngrains, is generally much coarser than that of the Chinese loess. \nUltrafine pedogenically-produced magnetic grains have a very \nlimited contribution to the susceptibility enhancement. \nRather, PSD and MD particles of magnetite and maghemite are \nthe main contributors to the enhancement of susceptibility \nin the Ili loess. 3) The susceptibility enhancement mechanism \nfor the Ili loess is complicated and superimposes both a wind \nvelocity/vigor model (Alaskan or Siberian model) and the in situ \nultrafine grain pedogenic model; the former might play an \nimportant role in the Ili loess. 4) Magnetic susceptibility \nenhancements of the Ili loess are related not only to the \neolian input of the source area, but also to the local climate, \nlandform, and geological background. Therefore, great care \nshould be taken when reconstructing paleoclimate using magnetic \nsusceptibility data from the Ili loess. \n\n","author":null,"citation":"Song, Y.G., Z.T. Shi, X.M. Fang, J.S. Nie, N. Ishikawa, \nX.K. Qiang, and X.L. Wang.  2010. \nLoess magnetic properties in the Ili Basin and their \ncorrelation with the Chinese Loess Plateau. \nChina Science: Earth Sciences, Vol. 53(3), pp. 419-431. \nDOI: 10.1007/s11430-010-0011-5 \n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1007/s11430-010-0011-5 ","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11430-010-0011-5 "},"issue":null,"journal":"China Science: Earth Sciences","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2010,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Loess magnetic properties in the Ili Basin and their  correlation with the Chinese Loess Plateau. ","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["millennial resolution","Monsoon"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"31427","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["35.1","107.2"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"107.2","maxElevationMeters":"1452","minElevationMeters":"1452","northernmostLatitude":"35.1","southernmostLatitude":"35.1","westernmostLongitude":"107.2"}},"locationName":"Continent>Asia>Eastern Asia>China","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"18625","coreLengthMeters":7,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>loess"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/loess/china/song2010ili.txt","linkText":"song2010ili.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona; Low frequency mass magnetic susceptibility; units 10E-7 m3 kg-1","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu; Low frequency mass magnetic susceptibility; units 10E-7 m3 kg-1","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu; High frequency mass magnetic susceptibility; units 10E-7 m3 kg-2","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu; Absolute frequency mass magnetic susceptibility; units 10E-7 m3 kg-3","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu; normalized ARM with units 10^-6","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>remanent magnetization>anhysteretic remanent magnetization"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu; percent frequency dependent mass magnetic susceptibility","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona; High frequency mass magnetic susceptibility; units 10E-7 m3 kg-2","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona; Absolute frequency mass magnetic susceptibility; units 10E-7 m3 kg-3","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona; normalized ARM with units 10^-6","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>remanent magnetization>anhysteretic remanent magnetization"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona; percent frequency dependent mass magnetic susceptibility","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>loess"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/loess/china/song2010ili.xls","linkText":"song2010ili.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"Z001","dataTableNotes":"Zhaosu section loess","earliestYear":80450,"earliestYearBP":80450,"earliestYearCE":-78500,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"18626","coreLengthMeters":10,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>loess"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/loess/china/song2010ili.txt","linkText":"song2010ili.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona; Low frequency mass magnetic susceptibility; units 10E-7 m3 kg-1","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu; Low frequency mass magnetic susceptibility; units 10E-7 m3 kg-1","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu; High frequency mass magnetic susceptibility; units 10E-7 m3 kg-2","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu; Absolute frequency mass magnetic susceptibility; units 10E-7 m3 kg-3","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu; normalized ARM with units 10^-6","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>remanent magnetization>anhysteretic remanent magnetization"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Zhaosu; percent frequency dependent mass magnetic susceptibility","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona; High frequency mass magnetic susceptibility; units 10E-7 m3 kg-2","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona; Absolute frequency mass magnetic susceptibility; units 10E-7 m3 kg-3","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona; normalized ARM with units 10^-6","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"cubic meter per kilogram","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>remanent magnetization>anhysteretic remanent magnetization"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Chaona; percent frequency dependent mass magnetic susceptibility","cvDataType":"LOESS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust>loess","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility>mass magnetic susceptibility"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>loess"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/loess/china/song2010ili.xls","linkText":"song2010ili.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"C001","dataTableNotes":"Chaona Section Loess 10.4m","earliestYear":141250,"earliestYearBP":141250,"earliestYearCE":-139300,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Chaona section"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Ili Basin, China 80KYr Loess Magnetic Data","studyNotes":"Magnetic susceptibility data of two loess-paleosol sequences \nsince the last interglaciation, from Central Asia and the \nChinese Loess Plateau. One section from Zhaosu, Ili Basin,  \nis located in western Zhaosu county near the boundary between \nChina and Kazakhstan. The Zhaosu loess section (ZSP) is 6.9m \nthick from the top to the upper part the first paleosol (S1), \nand the bottom consists of  fluvial gravel sediments. \nAccording to IRSL (infrared stimulated  luminescence) dating \nof this section, the bottom is 80,000 years old. The other \nloess section is located at the central Chinese Loess Plateau, \nnamed Chaona section (CN). The Chaona section is about 10.4m \nin thickness with a 141ka tuning age.\n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"8661"}