{"NOAAStudyId":"12483","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-02-10","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCLIMATIC MODELING","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoclimatology-modeling","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-model-12483.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1450,"earliestYearCE":500,"entryId":"noaa-model-12483","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Belgian Federal Science Policy Office","fundingGrant":"Science for a Sustainable Development"},{"fundingAgency":"European Union","fundingGrant":"Past4future"},{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"ATM-0902133"}],"investigators":"Goosse, H.; Crespin, E.; Dubinkina, S.; Loutre, M.F.; Mann, M.E.; Renssen, H.; Sallaz-Damaz, Y.; Shindell, D.","mostRecentYearBP":-50,"mostRecentYearCE":2000,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12483","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Proxy reconstructions suggest that peak global temperature \r\nduring the past warm interval known as the Medieval Climate \r\nAnomaly (MCA, roughly 950-1250 AD) has been exceeded only \r\nduring the most recent decades. To better understand the \r\norigin of this warm period, we use model simulations \r\nconstrained by data assimilation establishing the spatial \r\npattern of temperature changes that is most consistent \r\nwith forcing estimates, model physics and the empirical \r\ninformation contained in paleoclimate proxy records. \r\nThese numerical experiments demonstrate that the \r\nreconstructed spatial temperature pattern of the MCA \r\ncan be explained by a simple thermodynamical response \r\nof the climate system to relatively weak changes in radiative \r\nforcing combined with a modification of the atmospheric \r\ncirculation, displaying some similarities with the positive \r\nphase of the so-called Arctic Oscillation, and with northward \r\nshifts in the position of the Gulf Stream and Kuroshio currents. \r\nThe mechanisms underlying the MCA are thus quite different \r\nfrom anthropogenic mechanisms responsible for modern global \r\nwarming. \r\n\r\n","author":null,"citation":"Goosse, H., E. Crespin, S. Dubinkina, M.F. Loutre, M.E. Mann, \r\nH. Renssen, Y. Sallaz-Damaz, and D. Shindell.  2012. \r\nThe role of forcing and internal dynamics in explaining \r\nthe \"Medieval Climate Anomaly\". \r\nClimate Dynamics, doi: 10.1007/s00382-012-1297-0","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1007/s00382-012-1297-0","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-012-1297-0"},"issue":null,"journal":"Climate Dynamics","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2012,"reportNumber":null,"title":"The role of forcing and internal dynamics in explaining  the \"Medieval Climate Anomaly\"","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA)"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"22723","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-90","90","-180","180"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"180","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"90","southernmostLatitude":"-90","westernmostLongitude":"-180"}},"locationName":"Geographic Region>Global","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"20836","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>model>atmosphere model"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/goosse2012/ts_loveclim_assim_mann2009.nc","linkText":"ts_loveclim_assim_mann2009.nc","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCLIMATIC MODELING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCLIMATIC MODELING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree north","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>latitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCLIMATIC MODELING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree east","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>longitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCLIMATIC MODELING","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"annual","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>air temperature>surface air temperature"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>model>atmosphere model"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/goosse2012/ts_loveclim_assim_mann2009.txt","linkText":"ts_loveclim_assim_mann2009.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCLIMATIC MODELING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCLIMATIC MODELING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree north","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>latitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCLIMATIC MODELING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree east","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>longitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCLIMATIC MODELING","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"annual","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>air temperature>surface air temperature"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>model>atmosphere model"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/goosse2012/readme-goosse2012.txt","linkText":"readme-goosse2012.txt","urlDescription":"Readme","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"Goosse2012","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":500,"earliestYearBP":1450,"earliestYearCE":500,"mostRecentYear":2000,"mostRecentYearBP":-50,"mostRecentYearCE":2000,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Global"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"LOVECLIM Climate Model Simulation Constrained by Mann et al. 2009 Reconstruction","studyNotes":"We have performed simulations with the LOVECLIM climate model \n(Goosse et al. 2010) using a so-called \"particle filter\" \n(van Leeuwen 2009; Dubinkina et al. 2011) that constrains model \nresults to follow the signal provided by an annual mean surface \ntemperature reconstruction based on a global proxy data network \n(Mann et al. 2009). The central variable in our results is thus \nalso the annual mean temperature. The data constrain is applied \nonly over the region 30-90°N so this is the only region where \na good agreement with the reconstruction is expected. \n\n\nThe data is in the file ts_LOVECLIM_ASSIM_MANN2009.nc. \nIt includes annual mean temperatures on a Gaussian 62 x 32 grid. \nThe data is in netCDF format and contains one variable, ts, \nthe surface temperature in the model in °C for the period 501AD-2000AD. \nIt is the best estimate provided by the data assimilation method. \n\n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"10526"}