{"NOAAStudyId":"10250","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2010-07-13","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-10250.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1400000,"earliestYearCE":-1398050,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-10250","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Joint Oceanographic Institutions","fundingGrant":"US SSP"}],"investigators":"Hodell, D.A.; Channell, J.E.T.; Curtis, J.H.; Romero, O.E.; Röhl, U.","mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10250","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Heinrich events are well documented for the last glaciation, \nbut little is known about their occurrence in older glacial periods \nof the Pleistocene. Here we report scanning XRF and bulk carbonate d18O \nresults from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site U1308 (reoccupation \nof Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 609) that are used to develop proxy \nrecords of ice-rafted detritus (IRD) for the last ~1.4 Ma. Ca/Sr is \nused as an indicator of IRD layers that are rich in detrital carbonate \n(i.e., Heinrich layers), whereas Si/Sr reflects layers that are poor \nin biogenic carbonate and relatively rich in detrital silicate minerals. \nA pronounced change occurred in the composition and frequency of IRD at \n~640 ka during marine isotope stage (MIS) 16, coinciding with the end \nof the middle Pleistocene transition. At this time, \"Hudson Strait\" \nHeinrich layers suddenly appeared in the sedimentary record of Site U1308, \nand the dominant period of the Si/Sr proxy shifted from 41 ka prior to \n640 ka to 100 ka afterward. The onset of Heinrich layers during MIS 16 \nrepresents either the initiation of surging of the Laurentide Ice Sheet \n(LIS) off Hudson Strait or the first time icebergs produced by this \nprocess survived the transport to Site U1308. We speculate that ice \nvolume (i.e., thickness) and duration surpassed a critical threshold \nduring MIS 16 and activated the dynamical processes responsible for LIS \ninstability in the region of Hudson Strait. We also observe a strong \ncoupling between IRD proxies and benthic d13C variation at Site U1308 \nthroughout the Pleistocene, supporting a link between iceberg discharge \nand weakening of thermohaline circulation in the North Atlantic.\n","author":null,"citation":"Hodell, D.A., J.E.T. Channell, J.H. Curtis, O.E. Romero, \nand U. Röhl. 2008. \nOnset of \"Hudson Strait\" Heinrich events in the eastern North Atlantic \nat the end of the middle Pleistocene transition (~640 ka)? \nPaleoceanography, 23, PA4218, doi:10.1029/2008PA001591.\n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/2008PA001591","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008PA001591"},"issue":null,"journal":"Paleoceanography","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2008,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Onset of \"Hudson Strait\" Heinrich events in the eastern North Atlantic  at the end of the middle Pleistocene transition (~640 ka)? ","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Heinrich Events"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"34272","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["49.8778","-24.2383"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-24.2383","maxElevationMeters":"-3883","minElevationMeters":"-3883","northernmostLatitude":"49.8778","southernmostLatitude":"49.8778","westernmostLongitude":"-24.2383"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"19037","coreLengthMeters":109,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>physical properties","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>geochemistry","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/hodell2008/hodell2008.txt","linkText":"hodell2008.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample end"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample start"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":"composited","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>benthic foraminifer>calcareous benthic foraminifer>Cibicidoides sp.>Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>benthic foraminifer>calcareous benthic foraminifer>Cibicidoides sp.>Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"bulk carbonate","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>silicon/strontium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"x10-3 units","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless (SI system)","cvWhat":"magnetic property>magnetic moments>magnetic susceptibility"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram per cubic centimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>density"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"electromagnetic property>gamma radiation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"electromagnetic property>reflectance"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>calcium/strontium"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>geochemistry","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/hodell2008/hodell2008.xls","linkText":"hodell2008.xls","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"U1308","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1400000,"earliestYearBP":1400000,"earliestYearCE":-1398050,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"U1308"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"North Atlantic IODP U1308 Middle Pleistocene Heinrich Events Data","studyNotes":"Multiproxy Heinrich Events data from IODP core U1308 back to the \nmiddle Pleistocene.  Individual data series are as follows:  \n\nTie points: \nModified splice tie points for composite section of Site U1308. \n\nDepth-Age: \nAge-depth points used to construct chronology for Site U1308 \nRadiocarbon dates are projected into Site U1308 from Site 609 [Bond et al., 1993] \nby matching gray scale records. Ages for the interval from 0 to 1.9 mcd were \ncalculated assuming a constant sedimentation rate of 5.37 cm kyr-1 which is \ngenerally consistent with radiocarbon dates from DSDP Site 609. From 35 to 60 ka, \nthe benthic d18O record was correlated to MD95Ð2042 using the SFCP04 time scale \n[Shackleton et al., 2004. Prior to 60 ka, the benthic d18O record was correlated \nto the stacked d18O record of Lisiecki and Raymo [2005]. \n\nBenthic isotopes:  \nOxygen and carbon isotopes of the benthic foraminifer Cibicoides wuellerstorfi, \nunits = per mille relative to VPDB \n\nBulk carbonate O18: \nOxygen isotope values of homogenized bulk sediment, units = per mille relative to VPDB \n\nSr XRF: \nCa/Sr and Si/Sr ratios of counts from core scanning XRF measurements. \nSee Hodell et al. (2008) for measurement details and calibration. \n\nMagnetic susceptibility: \nMagnetic susceptibility measured on u-channels. \nSee Hodell et al. (2008) for methods. \n\nMagnetic susceptibility, shipboard: \nShipboard magnetic susceptibility on the modified composite splice. \nSee Expedition 303 Scientists (2006a,b) for explanation of methods. \n\nBulk Density: \nShipboard bulk density on the modified composite splice. \nSee Expedition 303 Scientists (2006a,b) for explanation of methods. \n\nNGR:  \nShipboard natural gamma radiation on the modified composite splice. \nSee Expedition 303 Scientists (2006a,b) for explanation of methods. \n\nReflectance:  \nShipboard color reflectance lightness on the modified composite splice. \nSee Expedition 303 Scientists (2006a,b) for explanation of methods. \n\n\nCore location:\nIODP Site U1308 49°52.67'N, 24°14.3'W, Water depth 3883 m \n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"8924"}