{"NOAAStudyId":"10353","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2011-01-12","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-10353.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1085940,"earliestYearCE":-1083990,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-10353","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia","fundingGrant":"POL2006-02999"}],"investigators":"Martínez-Garcia, A.; Rosell-Melé, A.; Geibert, W.; Gersonde, R.; Masqué, P.; Gaspari, V.; Barbante, C.","mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10353","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Paleoclimatic reconstructions have provided a unique data set to \ntest the sensitivity of climate system to changes in atmospheric CO2 \nconcentrations. However, the mechanisms behind glacial/interglacial \n(G/IG) variations in atmospheric CO2 concentrations observed in the \nAntarctic ice cores are still not fully understood. Here we present \na new multiproxy data set of sea surface temperatures (SST), \ndust and iron supply, and marine export productivity, from the \nmarine sediment core PS2489-2/ODP Site 1090 located in the \nsubantarctic Atlantic, that allow us to evaluate various hypotheses \non the role of the Southern Ocean (SO) in modulating atmospheric CO2 \nconcentrations back to 1.1 Ma. We show that Antarctic atmospheric \ntemperatures are closely linked to changes in SO surface temperatures \nover the last 800 ka and use this to synchronize the timescales of \nour marine and the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica \n(EPICA) Dome C (EDC) records. The close correlation observed between \niron inputs and marine export production over the entire interval \nimplies that the process of iron fertilization of marine biota has \nbeen a recurrent process operating in the subantarctic region over \nthe G/IG cycles of the last 1.1 Ma. However, our data suggest that \nmarine productivity can only explain a fraction of atmospheric CO2 \nchanges (up to around 40–50 ppmv), occurring at glacial maxima in \neach glacial stage. In this sense, the good correlation of our SST \nrecord to the EDC temperature reconstruction suggests that the \ninitial glacial CO2 decrease, as well as the change in the amplitude \nof the CO2 cycles observed around 400 ka, was most likely driven by \nphysical processes, possibly related to changes in Antarctic sea ice \nextent, surface water stratification, and westerly winds position. \n\n","author":null,"citation":"Martínez-Garcia, A., A. Rosell-Melé, W. Geibert, R. Gersonde, P. Masqué, V. Gaspari, and C. Barbante. 2009. Links between iron supply, marine productivity, sea surface temperature, and CO2 over the last 1.1 Ma. Paleoceanography, 24, PA1207, doi:10.1029/2008PA001657. \n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/2008PA00165","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008PA00165"},"issue":null,"journal":"Paleoceanography","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2009,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Links between iron supply, marine productivity, sea surface temperature, and CO2 over the last 1.1 Ma","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction","sensitivity"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"19256","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-42.908333","8.9"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"8.9","maxElevationMeters":"-3702","minElevationMeters":"-3702","northernmostLatitude":"-42.908333","southernmostLatitude":"-42.908333","westernmostLongitude":"8.9"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>South Atlantic Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"19123","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/martinez-garcia2009/martinez-garcia2009.txt","linkText":"martinez-garcia2009.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>organic compound index>alkenone unsaturation index","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>sea water temperature>sea surface 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Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"19124","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/martinez-garcia2009/martinez-garcia2009.txt","linkText":"martinez-garcia2009.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>organic compound index>alkenone unsaturation index","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>sea water temperature>sea surface 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Proxies include alkenones, n-alkanes, Fe, Al, Re\n and Uranium and Thorium isotopes.\n\nTwo cores from the central part of the Subantarctic Zone \n(ODP Site 1090 and PS2489-2) were sampled in order to obtain\na continuous record of the Pleistocene following the approach \ndescribed by Becquey and Gersonde [2002].\n\nAlkenones and n-alkanes were analyzed by GC-FID, and the\nUK37 paleotemperature index was used to estimate SST. Fe, Al, \n232Th/230Th, U isotopes, and Re concentrations were determined\nby Inductively Coupled Plasma Sector-Field Mass Spectrometry.\n230Thex was calculated using a 232Th/238U activity ratio of 0.4,\nand a 234U/238U activity ratio in the lithogenic end-member of 0.9.\n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"9009"}