{"NOAAStudyId":"10519","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2011-03-05","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-10519.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":161600,"earliestYearCE":-159650,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-10519","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Joint Oceanographic Institutions","fundingGrant":"USSSP"}],"investigators":"Hodell, D.A.; Minth, E.K.; Curtis, J.H.; McCave, I.N.; Hall, I.R.; Channell, J.E.T.; Xuan, C.","mostRecentYearBP":104720,"mostRecentYearCE":-102770,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10519","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Changes in surface and deep-water hydrography were inferred from \nvariations in stable isotopes and sortable silt mean grain size, \nrespectively, on the southern Gardar Drift in the subpolar North \nAtlantic. The bathymetric d13C gradient during the penultimate \nglaciation was similar to the last glaciation with high-d13C \nGlacial North Atlantic Intermediate water above ~2000 m, \nand low-d13C water derived from the Southern Ocean below. \nDuring Termination II, low-d13C water was present throughout \nthe water column with minimum values at intermediate depths \n(~1500-2000 m) and below 3000 m. This pattern continued well \ninto the early part of the Last Interglacial (LIG) period. \nSortable silt mean size at 3275 m suggests that deep-water \ncirculation on Gardar Drift was relatively weak during the \nearliest part of the LIG (128 to 124.5 ka) when planktonic d18O \nwas at a minimum, reflecting warming and/or reduced salinity. \nWe suggest that low-d13C water and slow current speed on Gardar \nDrift during the early part of the LIG was related to increased \nmelt water fluxes to the Nordic Seas during peak boreal summer \ninsolation, which decreased the flux and/or density of overflow \nto the North Atlantic. The resumption of the typical interglacial \npattern of strong, well-ventilated Iceland Scotland Overflow Water \nwas delayed until ~124 ka. These changes may have affected \nAtlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. \n","author":null,"citation":"Hodell, D.A., E.K. Minth, J.H. Curtis, I.N. McCave, I.R. Hall, \nJ.E.T. Channell, and C. Xuan. 2009. \nSurface and deep-water hydrography on Gardar Drift (Iceland Basin) \nduring the last interglacial period. \nEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 288, pp. 10-19. \ndoi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.08.040 \n\n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.epsl.2009.08.040","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.08.040"},"issue":null,"journal":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2009,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Surface and deep-water hydrography on Gardar Drift (Iceland Basin)  during the last interglacial period","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC)"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"37169","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["53.0567","-33.5297"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-33.5297","maxElevationMeters":"-3065","minElevationMeters":"-3065","northernmostLatitude":"53.0567","southernmostLatitude":"53.0567","westernmostLongitude":"-33.5297"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"19317","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>carbon isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/hodell2009/hodell2009.txt","linkText":"hodell2009.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"core ID","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample end"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample start"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"mbsf","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":"composited","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>planktic foraminifer>Globorotalia sp.>Globorotalia inflata","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>planktic foraminifer>Globorotalia sp.>Globorotalia inflata","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>benthic foraminifer>calcareous benthic foraminifer>Cibicidoides sp.>Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>benthic foraminifer>calcareous benthic foraminifer>Cibicidoides sp.>Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>planktic foraminifer>Neogloboquadrina sp.>Neogloboquadrina incompta","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>planktic foraminifer>Globigerina sp.>Globigerina bulloides","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>planktic foraminifer>Globigerina sp.>Globigerina bulloides","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"spectrophotometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"electromagnetic property>reflectance>CIE L*a*b* color system>lightness"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>planktic foraminifer>Neogloboquadrina sp.>Neogloboquadrina incompta","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>carbon isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/hodell2009/hodell2009.xls","linkText":"hodell2009.xls","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"U1304","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":161600,"earliestYearBP":161600,"earliestYearCE":-159650,"mostRecentYear":104720,"mostRecentYearBP":104720,"mostRecentYearCE":-102770,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"U1304"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Gardar Drift Last Interglacial Foraminiferal Stable Isotope Data","studyNotes":"High-resolution (centennial scale) planktonic and benthic \nforaminiferal stable isotope data, plus carbonate content \nand sediment color intensity data from the Gardar Drift, \nIceland Basin, over the last interglacial. \n\nSite U1304 was sampled at a constant 5-cm spacing between \n24.52 and 15.47 mcd, corresponding to the MIS 6 through \nMIS 5d interval. The mean sedimentation rate for MIS 5e \nand 5d is 40 cm/ka, which results in an average sampling \nfrequency of 125 years. \n\nStable oxygen (d18O) and carbon (d13C) isotope ratios \nwere measured on three species of planktonic foraminifera \n(Globigerina bulloides, Neogloboquadrina incompta, \nand Globorotalia inflata) and the epi-benthic foraminfera \nCibicidoides wuellerstorfi. Sediment lightness was measured \nat 2-cm intervals shortly after cores were split, using a \nMinolta CM1500 Spectrophotometer. \n\n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"9182"}