{"NOAAStudyId":"10530","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2011-02-10","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-10530.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":15928,"earliestYearCE":-13978,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-10530","funding":[],"investigators":"Makou, M.C.; Eglinton, T.I.; Oppo, D.W.; Hughen, K.A.","mostRecentYearBP":494,"mostRecentYearCE":1456,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10530","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Paleoclimate reconstructions suggest distinctive changes in the \nEl Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the dominant mode of tropical \nclimate variability, over the last glacial cycle and throughout \nthe Holocene. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies \nprovide parallel reconstructions of warm (El Niño) and cold (La Niña) \nphase variability, thus precluding distinction between variations \nin ENSO activity and the mean state of the tropical Pacific. \nHere we provide the first such records, generated using molecular \norganic geochemical proxies in a sediment core from the Peru margin \nregion. The opposing influences of El Niño and La Niña on coastal \nupwelling and phytoplankton community structure produce distinct \nsedimentary sterol records describing the evolution of each ENSO \nphase. We document changes in surface ocean productivity on the \nPeru margin over the past 16 ka that indicate enhanced La Niña–like \nconditions alone during deglaciation, but concomitant increases \nin both El Niño and La Niña activity during the past 2 ka. \nWe propose that the preponderance of La Niña–like conditions \nprior to 11.5 ka reflects the influence of waning glacial \nboundary conditions. By contrast, warm and cold phase \ncovariability during the late Holocene suggests centennial-scale \nchanges in ENSO activity, rather than the Pacific mean state, \ndriven by tropical insolation. \n\n\n\n","author":null,"citation":"Makou, M.C., T.I. Eglinton, D.W. Oppo, and K.A. Hughen. 2010. \nPostglacial changes in El Niño and La Niña behavior. \nGeology, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 43-46, January 2010. \ndoi: 10.1130/G30366.1 ","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1130/G30366.1","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G30366.1"},"issue":null,"journal":"Geology","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2010,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Postglacial changes in El Niño and La Niña behavior","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["ENSO"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"37183","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-11.0667","-78.0833"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-78.0833","maxElevationMeters":"-252","minElevationMeters":"-252","northernmostLatitude":"-11.0667","southernmostLatitude":"-11.0667","westernmostLongitude":"-78.0833"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Pacific Ocean>Eastern Pacific Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"19332","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>biomarkers"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/makou2010/makou2010.txt","linkText":"makou2010.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organic hydroxy compound>sterol>cholesterol"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per million","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organic hydroxy compound>sterol>dinosterol"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>biomarkers"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/makou2010/makou2010.xls","linkText":"makou2010.xls","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"ODP1228D","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":15928,"earliestYearBP":15928,"earliestYearCE":-13978,"mostRecentYear":494,"mostRecentYearBP":494,"mostRecentYearCE":1456,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"ODP1228D"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Peru Margin ODP1228D Holocene Organic Geochemical Data ","studyNotes":"Stratigraphic records of cholesterol and dinosterol abundance \nfor ODP 1228D. All results are normalized to organic carbon (OC) \nabundance and are reported as micrograms/gram OC. A full \ndescription of analytical methods and age scale development \nis presented in Makou et al. 2010. \n\nRadiocarbon dates are provided for both bulk OC and compound-\nspecific (alkenone) measurements, both of which include a constant \n700 yr reservoir age correction. Bulk OC dates were used to \nconstruct the published age scale. For the readers convenience, \ndates from this core by Higginson and Altabet (2004) are also \nincluded and are denoted in the cited publication. \n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"9194"}