{"NOAAStudyId":"10891","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2011-04-22","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-10891.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1599,"earliestYearCE":351,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-10891","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"OCE9709686, OCE9819675"}],"investigators":"Keigwin, L.D.; Sachs, J.P.; Rosenthal, Y.","mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10891","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"A multicore from Emerald Basin, on the continental margin off \nNova Scotia, has a modern 14C age at the top, and other 14C dates \nindicate a linear sedimentation rate of ~30 cm/ka to 1600 calendar \nyears BP. This rate is great enough to record century-to-millennial \nscale changes in the surface and deep (~250 m) waters in the basin \nthat are influenced by the Labrador Current. We applied five proxies \nfor seawater temperature changes to the sediments of Emerald Basin, \nincluding the percent abundance and the oxygen isotope ratio (d18O) \nof the polar planktonic foraminifer N. pachyderma (s.), the \nunsaturation ratio of alkenones (Uk'37) produced by prymnesiophyte \nphytoplankton, and the d18O and Mg/Ca of benthic foraminifera. \nAll five proxies indicate the ocean warmed suddenly sometime in \nthe past 150 years or so.  The exact timing of this event is \nuncertain because 14C dating is inaccurate in recent centuries, \nbut this abrupt warming probably correlates with widespread evidence \nfor warming in the Arctic in the nineteenth century.  Because the \nCanadian Archipelago is one of the two main sources for the Labrador \nCurrent, warming and melting of ice caps in that region may have \naffected Labrador Current properties. Before this recent warming, \nsea surface temperature was continually lower by 1-2°C, and bottom \nwater was colder by about 6°C in Emerald Basin.  These results suggest \nthat there was no Medieval Warm Period in the coastal waters off \nNova Scotia. Because there is also no evidence of medieval warming \nin the Canadian archipelago, it seems likely that coastal waters \nfrom Baffin Bay to at least as far south as Nova Scotia were \ncontinually cold for ~1500 of the past 1600 years.  \n\n","author":null,"citation":"Keigwin, L.D., J.P. Sachs, and Y. Rosenthal. 2003. \nA 1600-year history of the Labrador Current off Nova Scotia. \nClimate Dynamics, Vol. 21, pp. 53-62. \nDOI: 10.1007/s00382-003-0316-6 \n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1007/s00382-003-0316-6","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-003-0316-6"},"issue":null,"journal":"Climate Dynamics","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2003,"reportNumber":null,"title":"A 1600-year history of the Labrador Current off Nova Scotia","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction","Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC)"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"48002","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["45.885","-62.795"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-62.795","maxElevationMeters":"-250","minElevationMeters":"-250","northernmostLatitude":"45.885","southernmostLatitude":"45.885","westernmostLongitude":"-62.795"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"19589","coreLengthMeters":0,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>carbon isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/keigwin2003/keigwin2003.txt","linkText":"keigwin2003.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>organic compound index>alkenone unsaturation index","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>sea water temperature>sea surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"on Cibicidoides sp.","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>element or compound ratio>magnesium/calcium","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>sea water temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per billion","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organooxygen compound>ketone>alkenone"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Cibicidoides lobatulus","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>benthic foraminifer","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Cibicidoides lobatulus","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>benthic foraminifer","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>identified foraminifer>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>planktic foraminifer>Neogloboquadrina sp.>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Cibicidoides lobatulus","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":"averaged","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>benthic foraminifer","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>magnesium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>benthic foraminifer>calcareous benthic foraminifer>Cibicidoides sp.>Cibicidoides pachyderma","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or compound ratio>magnesium/calcium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>planktic foraminifer>Neogloboquadrina sp.>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>carbon isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/keigwin2003/keigwin2003.xls","linkText":"keigwin2003.xls","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"MC-29","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1599,"earliestYearBP":1599,"earliestYearCE":351,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"MC-29"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Emerald Basin MC-29D 1600 Year Multiproxy Sediment Data ","studyNotes":"High resolution multiproxy sediment data from Emerald Basin,  \noffshore Nova Scotia, Canada covering the last 1600 years. \n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"9454"}