{"NOAAStudyId":"11191","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2011-05-13","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-11191.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":20740,"earliestYearCE":-18790,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-11191","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"European Union","fundingGrant":"EVRI-CT 2001-40018 (CESOP)"}],"investigators":"Weldeab, S.; Schneider, R.R.; Kölling, M.","mostRecentYearBP":170,"mostRecentYearCE":1780,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/11191","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"A sediment core from the western tropical Atlantic covering the last \n21,000 yr has been analysed for centennial scale reconstruction of \nsea surface temperature (SST) and ice volume-corrected oxygen isotopic \ncomposition of sea water (d18Oivc-sw) using Mg/Ca and d18O of the \nshallow dwelling planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber (white). \nAt a period between 15.5 and 17.5 kyr BP, the Mg/Ca SST and d18Oivc-sw, \na proxy for sea surface salinity (SSS), reveals a warming of around \n2.5 °C along with an increase in salinity. A second period of pronounced \nwarming and SSS increase occurred between 11.6 and 13.5 kyr BP. Within \nage model uncertainties, both warming intervals were synchronous with \nair temperature increase over Antarctica and ice retreat in the southern \nSouth Atlantic and terminated with abrupt centennial scale SSS decrease \nand slight SST cooling in conjunction with interglacial reactivation \nof the meridional overturning circulation (MOC). We suggest that during \nthese warm intervals, production of saline and warm water of the North \nBrazil Current resulted in pronounced heat and salt accumulation, \nand was associated with warming in the southern Atlantic, southward \ndisplacement of the intertropical convergence zone and weakened MOC. \nAt the termination of the Younger Dryas and Heinrich event 1, \nintensification of cross-equatorial heat and salt transport caused \ncentennial scale cooling and freshening of the western tropical \nAtlantic surface water. This study shows that the western tropical \nAtlantic served as a heat and salt reservoir during deglaciation. \nThe sudden release of accumulated heat and salt at the end of Younger \nDrays and Heinrich event 1 may have contributed to the rapid \nreinvigoration of the Atlantic MOC. ","author":null,"citation":"Weldeab, S., R.R. Schneider, and M. Kölling. 2006. \nDeglacial sea surface temperature and salinity increase in the western \ntropical Atlantic in synchrony with high latitude climate instabilities. \nEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol 241, pp. 699-706. \ndoi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.012 ","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.012 ","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.012 "},"issue":null,"journal":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2006,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Deglacial sea surface temperature and salinity increase in the western  tropical Atlantic in synchrony with high latitude climate instabilities","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Other Hydroclimate Reconstruction","Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction","Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC)"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"48141","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-4.6133","-36.6367"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-36.6367","maxElevationMeters":"-830","minElevationMeters":"-830","northernmostLatitude":"-4.6133","southernmostLatitude":"-4.6133","westernmostLongitude":"-36.6367"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Atlantic Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"19787","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>geochemistry","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>reconstruction","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/weldeab2006/weldeab2006.txt","linkText":"weldeab2006.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"on G. ruber white","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>element or compound ratio>magnesium/calcium","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>sea water temperature>sea surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"on G. ruber white; ice-volume corrected","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":"corrected","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>isotope ratio>delta 18O","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VSMOW","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"on G. ruber white; ice-volume corrected","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":"corrected","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>element or compound ratio>magnesium/calcium","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VSMOW","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"on G. ruber white; ice-volume corrected","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":"corrected","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>sea water","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VSMOW","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"on G. ruber white","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>isotope ratio>delta 18O","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per thousand","cvWhat":"chemical composition>solution property>salinity"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"on G. ruber white","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>element or compound ratio>magnesium/calcium","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per thousand","cvWhat":"chemical composition>solution property>salinity"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"on G. ruber white","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>sea water>sea surface","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"parts per thousand","cvWhat":"chemical composition>solution property>salinity"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>planktic foraminifer>Globigerinoides sp.>Globigerinoides ruber>Globigerinoides ruber white","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil PDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>reconstruction","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/weldeab2006/weldeab2006.xls","linkText":"weldeab2006.xls","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"GeoB3129/3911","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":20740,"earliestYearBP":20740,"earliestYearCE":-18790,"mostRecentYear":170,"mostRecentYearBP":170,"mostRecentYearCE":1780,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"GeoB3129/3911"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Western Tropical Atlantic 21KYr Mg/Ca SST, d18Osw, and SSS ","studyNotes":"Planktonic foraminiferal (Globigerinoides ruber white) \nMg/Ca Sea Surface Temperature (SST) (Arz et al. 1998, 1999), \nstable oxygen isotope (d18O) measurements, plus calculated \nd18O of sea water (d18Osw) and Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) \nfrom a western tropical Atlantic sediment core (NE-Brazilian \ncontinental margin) for the past 21,000 years. 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