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These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2011-08-19","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-11924.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":43000000,"earliestYearCE":-42998050,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-11924","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"OPP-0338337"}],"investigators":"Bohaty, S.M.; Zachos, J.C.; Florindo, F.; Delaney, M.L.","mostRecentYearBP":38000000,"mostRecentYearCE":-37998050,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/11924","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) is an enigmatic warming \r\nevent that represents an abrupt reversal in long-term cooling \r\nthrough the Eocene.  In order to further assess the timing and nature \r\nof this event, we have assembled stable isotope and calcium carbonate \r\nconcentration records from multiple Deep Sea Drilling Project \r\nand Ocean Drilling Program sites for the time interval between \r\n~43 and 38 Ma. Revised stratigraphy at several sites and compilation \r\nof d18O records place peak warming during the MECO event at 40.0 Ma \r\n(Chron C18n.2n). The identification of the d18O excursion at sites \r\nin different geographic regions indicates that the climatic effects \r\nof this event were globally extensive. The total duration of the MECO \r\nevent is estimated at ~500 ka, with peak warming lasting <100 ka. \r\nAssuming minimal glaciation in the late middle Eocene, ~4°-6°C total \r\nwarming of both surface and deep waters is estimated during the MECO \r\nat the study sites. The interval of peak warming at ~40.0 Ma also \r\ncoincided with a worldwide decline in carbonate accumulation at sites \r\nbelow 3000 m depth, reflecting a temporary shoaling of the calcite \r\ncompensation depth. The synchroneity of deepwater acidification \r\nand globally extensive warming makes a persuasive argument that \r\nthe MECO event was linked to a transient increase in atmospheric pCO2. \r\nThe results of this study confirm previous reports of significant \r\nclimatic instability during the middle Eocene. Furthermore, the direct \r\nlink between warming and changes in the carbonate chemistry of the deep \r\nocean provides strong evidence that changes in greenhouse gas \r\nconcentrations exerted a primary control on short-term climate \r\nvariability during this critical period of Eocene climate evolution.\r\n\r\n","author":null,"citation":"Bohaty, S.M., J.C. Zachos, F. Florindo, and M.L. Delaney. 2009. \r\nCoupled greenhouse warming and deep-sea acidification in the middle Eocene. \r\nPaleoceanography, 24, PA2207, doi:10.1029/2008PA001676. \r\n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/2008PA001676","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008PA001676"},"issue":null,"journal":"Paleoceanography","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2009,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Coupled greenhouse warming and deep-sea acidification in the middle Eocene","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"52323","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-58.441","78.9981"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"78.9981","maxElevationMeters":"-1290","minElevationMeters":"-1290","northernmostLatitude":"-58.441","southernmostLatitude":"-58.441","westernmostLongitude":"78.9981"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Southern Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"20226","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>carbon isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/bohaty2009/bohaty2009.txt","linkText":"bohaty2009.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"sample material (fine; 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