{"NOAAStudyId":"12277","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2011-11-22","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-12277.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":10116,"earliestYearCE":-8166,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-12277","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"European Union","fundingGrant":"EVK2-2002-00143"}],"investigators":"Hoogakker, B.A.A.; Chapman, M.R.; McCave, I.N.; Hillaire-Marcel, C.; Ellison, C.R.W; Hall, I.R.; Telford, R.J.","mostRecentYearBP":16,"mostRecentYearCE":1934,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12277","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"High resolution flow speed reconstructions of two core sites \r\nlocated on Gardar Drift in the northeast Atlantic Basin \r\nand Orphan Knoll in the northwest Atlantic Basin reveal \r\na long-term decrease in flow speed of Northeast Atlantic \r\nDeep Water (NEADW) after 6,500 years.  Benthic foraminiferal \r\noxygen isotopes of sites currently bathed in NEADW show \r\na 0.2‰ depletion after 6,500 years, shortly after the start \r\nof the development of a carbon isotope gradient between \r\nNEADW and Norwegian Sea Deep Water. We consider these \r\nchanges in near-bottom flow vigor and benthic foraminiferal \r\nisotope records to mark a significant reorganization of the \r\nHolocene deep ocean circulation, and attribute the changes \r\nto a weakening of NEADW flow during the mid to late Holocene \r\nthat allowed the shoaling of Lower Deep Water and deeper \r\neastward advection of Labrador Sea Water into the northeast \r\nAtlantic Basin. \r\n\r\n","author":null,"citation":"Hoogakker, B.A.A., M.R. Chapman, I.N. McCave, C. Hillaire-Marcel, \r\nC.R.W. Ellison, I.R. Hall, and R.J. Telford. 2011. \r\nDynamics of North Atlantic Deep Water masses during the Holocene. \r\nPaleoceanography, Vol. 26, PA4214, doi:10.1029/2011PA002155. ","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/2011PA002155","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011PA002155"},"issue":null,"journal":"Paleoceanography","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2011,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Dynamics of North Atlantic Deep Water masses during the Holocene","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC)"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"19109","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["55.48","-14.7"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-14.7","maxElevationMeters":"-2168","minElevationMeters":"-2168","northernmostLatitude":"55.48","southernmostLatitude":"55.48","westernmostLongitude":"-14.7"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"20621","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/hoogakker2011/hoogakker2011.txt","linkText":"hoogakker2011.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample end"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample start"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"carbonate and opal free; 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