{"NOAAStudyId":"12524","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-02-15","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-12524.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":34998000,"earliestYearCE":-34996050,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-12524","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"OPP-0338337"}],"investigators":"Bohaty, S.M.; Zachos, J.C.; Delaney, M.L.","mostRecentYearBP":32501000,"mostRecentYearCE":-32499050,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12524","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Constraining the magnitude of high-latitude temperature change \r\nacross the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT) is essential for \r\nquantifying the magnitude of Antarctic ice-sheet expansion \r\nand understanding regional climate response to this event. \r\nTo this end, we constructed high-resolution stable oxygen \r\nisotope (d18O) and magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) records from \r\nplanktic and benthic foraminifera at four Ocean Drilling Program \r\n(ODP) sites in the Southern Ocean. Planktic foraminiferal Mg/Ca \r\nrecords from the Kerguelen Plateau (ODP Sites 738, 744, and 748) \r\nshow a consistent pattern of temperature change, indicating 2-3°C \r\ncooling in direct conjunction with the first step of a two-step \r\nincrease in benthic and planktic foraminiferal d18O values across\r\nthe EOT. In contrast, benthic Mg/Ca records from Maud Rise \r\n(ODP Site 689) and the Kerguelen Plateau (ODP Site 748) do not \r\nexhibit significant temperature change. The contrasting temperature \r\nhistories derived from the planktic and benthic Mg/Ca records \r\nare not reconcilable, since vertical d18O gradients remained \r\nnearly constant at all sites between 35.0 and 32.5 Ma. Based on \r\nthe coherency of the planktic Mg/Ca records from the Kerguelen \r\nPlateau sites and complications with benthic Mg/Ca paleothermometry \r\nat low temperatures, the planktic Mg/Ca records are deemed the most \r\nreliable measure of Southern Ocean temperature change. We therefore \r\ninterpret a uniform cooling of 2-3 °C in both deep surface \r\n(thermocline) waters and intermediate deep waters of the Southern \r\nOcean across the EOT. Cooling of Southern Ocean surface waters \r\nacross the EOT was likely propagated to the deep ocean, since deep \r\nwaters were primarily sourced on the Antarctic margin throughout \r\nthis time interval. Removal of the temperature component from the \r\nobserved foraminiferal d18O shift indicates that seawater d18O values \r\nincreased by 0.6±0.15‰ across the EOT interval, corresponding to \r\nan increase in global ice volume to a level equivalent with 60–130% \r\nmodern East Antarctic ice sheet volume.\r\n","author":null,"citation":"Bohaty, S.M., J.C. Zachos, and M.L. Delaney. 2012.  \r\nForaminiferal Mg/Ca evidence for Southern Ocean cooling \r\nacross the Eocene-Oligocene transition. \r\nEarth and Planetary Science Letters, Vols. 317-318, pp. 251-261, \r\n1 February 2012.  doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.037. \r\n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.037","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.037"},"issue":null,"journal":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2012,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Foraminiferal Mg/Ca evidence for Southern Ocean cooling  across the Eocene-Oligocene 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