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These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-04-12","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-12897.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":2105,"earliestYearCE":-155,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-12897","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"European Union","fundingGrant":"HOLSMEER EVK2-CT-2000-00060"},{"fundingAgency":"Danish Research Council","fundingGrant":null},{"fundingAgency":"Icelandic Research Council,","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Eiríksson, J.; Bartels-Jónsdóttir, H.B.; Cage, A.G.; Gudmundsdóttir, E.R.; Klitgaard-Kristensen, D.; Marret, F.; Rodrigues, T.; Abrantes, F.F.; Austin, W.E.N.; Jiang, H.; Knudsen, K.L.; Sejrup, H.P.","mostRecentYearBP":-51,"mostRecentYearCE":2001,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12897","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Marine localities on the west European shelf have been studied \r\nto reconstruct the nearshore palaeoceanography of the last two \r\nmillennia. The sites form a transect from the Iberian margin \r\nnortheastward via Scotland to western Norway and Iceland. \r\nProxies used for palaeoclimatic reconstructions include \r\nstable isotopes, benthic and planktonic foraminfera, diatoms, \r\ndinoflagellates, as well as geochemical and sedimentological \r\nparameters. Major changes as well as long-term trends \r\nin oceanographic conditions are observed in the records, \r\nincluding a general cooling trend through much of the last \r\nmillennium. There is a clear linkage between the atmospheric \r\nprocesses and the oceanic circulation, and the ocean temperature \r\nvariability in the records can be correlated with the so-called \r\n'Mediaeval Warm Period' and 'Little Ice Age'. These oscillations \r\nare, however, by no means unique within the last two millennia. \r\nAs an example, sea surface temperatures to the north of Iceland \r\nand on the Iberian margin were higher in the Roman Warm Period \r\nthan at any time during the 'Mediaeval Warm Period'. However, \r\nthe palaeoceanographic record generally supports a distinct \r\ncooling at the transition between the 'Mediaeval Warm Period' \r\nand the 'Little Ice Age'. While a number of records indicate \r\na warming of coastal and shelf waters during the last 200 years, \r\nthe twentieth century does not appear to be unusual when \r\nthe proxy records spanning the last two millennia are examined. \r\n","author":null,"citation":"Eiríksson, J., H.B. Bartels-Jónsdóttir, A.G. Cage, \r\nE.R. Gudmundsdóttir, D. Klitgaard-Kristensen, F. Marret, \r\nT. Rodrigues, F. Abrantes, W.E.N. Austin, H. Jiang, \r\nK.-L. Knudsen, and H.-P. Sejrup. 2006. \r\nVariability of the North Atlantic Current during \r\nthe last 2000 years based on shelf bottom water \r\nand sea surface temperatures along an open ocean/\r\nshallow marine transect in western Europe. \r\nThe Holocene November 2006 16: 1017-1029, \r\ndoi:10.1177/0959683606hl991rp","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1177/0959683606hl991rp","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683606hl991rp"},"issue":null,"journal":"The Holocene","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2006,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Variability of the North Atlantic Current during  the last 2000 years based on shelf bottom water  and sea surface temperatures along an open ocean/ shallow marine transect in western Europe","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Medieval Warm Period","Little Ice Age (LIA)","Sea Surface Temperature 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