{"NOAAStudyId":"14568","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2013-06-16","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-14568.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":121000000,"earliestYearCE":-120998050,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-14568","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"McAnena, A.; Flögel, S.; Hofmann, P.; Herrle, J.O.; Griesand, A.; Pross, J.; Talbot, H.M.; Rethemeyer, J.; Wallmann, K.; Wagner, T.","mostRecentYearBP":111000000,"mostRecentYearCE":-110998050,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/14568","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Most of the marine biotic crises that occurred during the hot Mesozoic era have been linked to episodes of extreme warmth. Others, however, may have occurred during cooler intervals that interrupted Cretaceous greenhouse warmth. There are some indications of cooling in the late Aptian (116-114 Myr ago), but it has not been definitively linked to biotic crisis. Here we assess the timing and magnitude of late Aptian cooling and its association with biotic crises using a suite of geochemical and micropalaeontological assessments from a marine sediment core from the North Atlantic Ocean as well as global biogeochemical modelling. Sea surface temperatures derived from the TEX86 proxy suggest that surface waters cooled by about 5°C during the two million years, coincident with a positive d13C excursion of approximately 2 per mil in carbonates and organic carbon. Surface productivity was enhanced during this period, but the abundance of planktonic foraminifera and nannoconid phytoplankton declined. Our simulations with a biogeochemical model indicate that the d13C excursion associated with the cooling could be explained by the burial of about 812,000 gigatons of carbon over 2.5 million years. About 50% of the this carbon burial occurred in the Atlantic, Southern and Tethys ocean basins. We conclude that global cooling during greenhouse conditions can cause perturbations to marine ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles at scales comparable to those associated with global warming.","author":null,"citation":"A. McAnena, S. Flögel, P. Hofmann, J.O. Herrle, A. Griesand, J. Pross, H.M. Talbot, J. Rethemeyer, K. Wallmann, and T. Wagner. 2013. Atlantic cooling associated with a marine biotic crisis during the mid-Cretaceous period. Nature Geoscience, DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1850","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/ngeo1850","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1850"},"issue":null,"journal":"Nature Geoscience","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Atlantic cooling associated with a marine biotic crisis during the mid-Cretaceous period","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["carbon cycle"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"55009","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["33.6643","-9.3647"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-9.3647","maxElevationMeters":"-3142","minElevationMeters":"-3142","northernmostLatitude":"33.6643","southernmostLatitude":"33.6643","westernmostLongitude":"-9.3647"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"24617","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>biomarkers","earth 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