{"NOAAStudyId":"15537","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2013-11-22","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-15537.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":40066,"earliestYearCE":-38116,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-15537","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US NOAA","fundingGrant":"NAO80AR4320912"}],"investigators":"Tierney, J.E.; deMenocal, P.B.","mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/15537","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The timing and abruptness of the initiation and termination of the Early Holocene African Humid Period are subjects of ongoing debate, with direct consequences for our understanding of abrupt climate change, paleoenvironments, and early human cultural development. Here, we provide proxy evidence from the Horn of Africa region that documents abrupt transitions into and out of the African Humid Period in northeast Africa. Similar and generally synchronous abrupt transitions at other East African sites suggest that rapid shifts in hydroclimate are a regionally coherent feature. Our analysis suggests that the termination of the African Humid Period in the Horn of Africa occurred within centuries, underscoring the nonlinearity of the region's hydroclimate.","author":{"name":"Jessica E. Tierney and Peter B. deMenocal"},"citation":"Jessica E. Tierney and Peter B. deMenocal. 2013. Abrupt Shifts in Horn of Africa Hydroclimate Since the Last Glacial Maximum. Science, 342(6160), 843-846. doi: 10.1126/science.1240411","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1126/science.1240411","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1240411"},"issue":"6160","journal":"Science","pages":"843-846","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Abrupt Shifts in Horn of Africa Hydroclimate Since the Last Glacial Maximum","type":"publication","volume":"342"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["hydrology"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"55758","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["11.955","44.3"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"44.3","maxElevationMeters":"-869","minElevationMeters":"-869","northernmostLatitude":"11.955","southernmostLatitude":"11.955","westernmostLongitude":"44.3"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Indian Ocean>Arabian Sea","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"25502","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/tierney2013/tierney2013.txt","linkText":"tierney2013.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"terrestrial leaf wax interpretation","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organooxygen compound>fatty acid>n-alkanoic acid>C30 n-alkanoic acid","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 2H"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"ice-volume corrected; terrestrial leaf wax interpretation","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":"corrected","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organooxygen compound>fatty acid>n-alkanoic acid>C30 n-alkanoic acid","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 2H"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Last Glacial Maximum normalized to long-term mean","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"95% confidence interval lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"median","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"95% confidence interval upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"}]}],"dataTableName":"Tierney2013dD","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":40066,"earliestYearBP":40066,"earliestYearCE":-38116,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"P178-15P"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Gulf of Aden 40,000 Year Leaf Wax Deuterium Data","studyNotes":"Hydrogen isotopic composition of leaf waxes (dDwax) from a sediment core in the Gulf of Aden, Arabian Sea, for the last 40,000 years, used as a proxy for hydroclimatic conditions in East Africa.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"13340"}