{"NOAAStudyId":"15936","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2014-01-20","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-15936.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":88000,"earliestYearCE":-86050,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-15936","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"OCE-0096472, OCE-0648258"}],"investigators":"Lynch-Stieglitz, J.; Schmidt, M.W.; Henry, L.G.","mostRecentYearBP":297,"mostRecentYearCE":1653,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/15936","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Heinrich events—surges of icebergs into the North Atlantic Ocean—punctuated the last glacial period. The events are associated with millennial-scale cooling in the Northern Hemisphere. Fresh water from the melting icebergs is thought to have interrupted the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, thus minimizing heat transport into the northern North Atlantic. The northward flow of warm water passes through the Florida Straits and is reflected in the distribution of seawater properties in this region. Here we investigate the northward flow through this region over the past 40,000 years using oxygen isotope measurements of benthic foraminifera from two cores on either side of the Florida Straits. These measurements allow us to estimate water density, which is related to flow through the thermal wind balance. We infer a substantial reduction of flow during Heinrich Event 1 and the Younger Dryas cooling, but little change during Heinrich Events 2 and 3, which occurred during an especially cold phase of the last glacial period. We speculate that because glacial circulation was already weakened before the onset of Heinrich Events 2 and 3, freshwater forcing had little additional effect. However, low-latitude climate perturbations were observed during all events. We therefore suggest that these perturbations may not have been directly caused by changes in heat transport associated with Atlantic overturning circulation as commonly assumed.","author":{"name":"Lynch-Stieglitz, J, M.W. Schmidt, L.G. Henry, W.B. Curry, L.C. Skinner, S. Mulitza, R. Zhang and P. Chang"},"citation":"Lynch-Stieglitz, J, M.W. Schmidt, L.G. Henry, W.B. Curry, L.C. Skinner, S. Mulitza, R. Zhang and P. Chang. 2014. Muted change in Atlantic overturning circulation over some glacial-aged Heinrich events. Nature Geoscience. . doi: 10.1038/ngeo2045","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/ngeo2045","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2045"},"issue":null,"journal":"Nature Geoscience","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2014,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Muted change in Atlantic overturning circulation over some glacial-aged Heinrich events","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Heinrich Events"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"48153","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["23.7455","-79.429667"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-79.429667","maxElevationMeters":"-542","minElevationMeters":"-542","northernmostLatitude":"23.7455","southernmostLatitude":"23.7455","westernmostLongitude":"-79.429667"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Atlantic Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"25945","coreLengthMeters":396,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen 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