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Existing records indicate dramatic changes in North African dust emissions over the last 20 ka, but the limited spatial extent of these records and the lack of high-resolution flux data do not allow us to determine whether changes in dust deposition occurred with similar timing, magnitude and abruptness throughout northwest Africa. Here we present new records from a meridional transect of cores stretching from 31°N to 19°N along the northwest African margin. By combining grain size endmember modeling with 230Th-normalized fluxes for the first time, we are able to document spatial and temporal changes in dust deposition under the North African dust plume throughout the last 20 ka. Our results provide quantitative estimates of the magnitude of dust flux changes associated with Heinrich Stadial 1, the Younger Dryas, and the African Humid Period (AHP; ~11.7-5 ka), offering robust targets for model-based estimates of the climatic and biogeochemical impacts of past changes in North African dust emissions. Our data suggest that dust fluxes between 8-6 ka were a factor of ~5 lower than average fluxes during the last 2 ka. Using a simple model to estimate the effects of bioturbation on dust input signals, we find that our data are consistent with abrupt, synchronous changes in dust fluxes in all cores at the beginning and end of the AHP. The mean ages of these transitions are 11.8 ± 0.2 ka (1s) and 4.9 ± 0.2 ka, respectively.","author":{"name":"McGee, D., P.B. deMenocal, G. Winckler, J.B.W. Stuut and L.I. Bradtmiller"},"citation":"McGee, D., P.B. deMenocal, G. Winckler, J.B.W. Stuut and L.I. Bradtmiller. 2013. 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concentration>230Th"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"isotope dilution mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"disintegration per minute per gram","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>232Th"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"isotope dilution mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"disintegration per minute per gram","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>single isotope concentration>238U"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"sediment flux; Calculated by 230Thxs normalization using detrital U/Th activity ratio of 0.7 ± 0.1","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram per square centimeter per kiloyear","cvWhat":"formation property>formation rate>accumulation rate"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"sediment flux","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one standard deviation","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram per square centimeter per kiloyear","cvWhat":"formation property>formation rate>accumulation rate"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram per square centimeter per kiloyear","cvWhat":"geological material>bulk geological material>dust"}]}],"dataTableName":"OCE437-07-GC68 Dust Flux McG13","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":20378,"earliestYearBP":20378,"earliestYearCE":-18428,"mostRecentYear":1926,"mostRecentYearBP":1926,"mostRecentYearCE":24,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"26461","coreLengthMeters":3,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/mcgee2013/mcgee2013-gc68-grain.txt","linkText":"OCE437-07-GC68 Grain Size Data","urlDescription":"Formatted Text File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"}]}],"dataTableName":"OCE437-07-GC68 Grain Size 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Uncertainties on sediment flux are dominated by correction for detrital 230Th. Dust fraction is sum of variables EM2 and EM1 contributions to detrital fraction. Dust flux calculated as sediment flux*detrital%*dust fraction.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"14123"}