{"NOAAStudyId":"17536","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2014-12-09","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-17536.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":13500,"earliestYearCE":-11550,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-17536","funding":[],"investigators":"Elmore, A.C.; Wright, J.D.; Southon, J.R.","mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17536","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The transition into the Holocene marks the last large, orbitally derived climatic event and ultimately led to the onset of modern oceanic conditions. The influence of this climatic change on North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) formation and circulation remains ambiguous. High-resolution records from southern Gardar Drift, south of Iceland, show abrupt decreases in benthic foraminiferal  d13C values at discrete intervals during the early Holocene, suggesting that NADW shoaled episodically. Intervals of lower d13C values are coincident with higher d18ON. pachyderma, d18OG. bulloides and high abundance of lithic grains/g, indicating that these periods also had enhanced surface water stratification due to increased meltwater in the circum-North Atlantic region. Our new planktonic and benthic foraminiferal stable isotopic data show that increased meltwater delivery led to brief reorganizations of deepwater currents. These southern Gardar surface and deep water records indicate that the early Holocene was a period of multiple abrupt climatic events that were propagated to the North Atlantic during the final break up of ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere and suggests that some component of the residual early Holocene sea level rise can be attributed to Northern Hemispheric sources.","author":{"name":"Elmore, A.C., J.D. Wright, and J. Southon"},"citation":"Elmore, A.C., J.D. Wright, and J. Southon. 2014. Continued meltwater influence on North Atlantic Deep Water instabilities during the early Holocene. Marine Geology, 360, 17-24. doi: 10.1016/j.margeo.2014.11.015","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.margeo.2014.11.015","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2014.11.015"},"issue":null,"journal":"Marine Geology","pages":"17-24","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2014,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Continued meltwater influence on North Atlantic Deep Water instabilities during the early Holocene","type":"publication","volume":"360"},{"abstract":null,"author":{"name":"Elmore, A.C. and J.D. Wright"},"citation":"Elmore, A.C. and J.D. Wright. 2011. North Atlantic Deep Water and Climate variability during the Younger Dryas cold period. Geology, 29(2), 107-110. doi: 10.1130/G31376.1","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1130/G31376.1","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G31376.1"},"issue":"2","journal":"Geology","pages":"107-110","pubRank":"2","pubYear":2011,"reportNumber":null,"title":"North Atlantic Deep Water and Climate variability during the Younger Dryas cold period","type":"publication","volume":"29"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Younger Dryas"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56357","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["56.233333","-27.65"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-27.65","maxElevationMeters":"-2707","minElevationMeters":"-2707","northernmostLatitude":"56.233333","southernmostLatitude":"56.233333","westernmostLongitude":"-27.65"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"27814","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>lithology","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>carbon isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/elmore2014/elmore2014.txt","linkText":"KN166-14 11JPC Data","urlDescription":"Formatted Text File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological 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13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>planktic foraminifer>Globigerina sp.>Globigerina bulloides","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil PDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>planktic foraminifer>Neogloboquadrina sp.>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil PDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>planktic foraminifer>Neogloboquadrina sp.>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil PDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>benthic foraminifer>calcareous benthic foraminifer>Cibicidoides sp.>Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil PDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>benthic foraminifer>calcareous benthic foraminifer>Cibicidoides sp.>Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil PDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"dry >63um","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"gram","cvWhat":"physical property>weight"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"left coiling","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>identified foraminifer>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"right coiling","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>identified foraminifer>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma dextral"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>identified foraminifer>Globigerina bulloides"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count per gram","cvWhat":"geological material>bulk geological material>mineral matter"}]}],"dataTableName":"KN166-14 11JPC Elmore14","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":13500,"earliestYearBP":13500,"earliestYearCE":-11550,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"KN166-14 11JPC"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Gardar Drift Foraminiferal and Sedimentological Data from the Early Holocene and Younger Dryas","studyNotes":"Age model and paleoceanographic records from the Holocene and Younger Dryas from Gardar Drift. The data set is a combined set from the 2011 Elmore and Wright Geology paper (6-13.5ka), and the 2014 Elmore, Wright and Southon Marine Geology paper (0-11.7ka). The age model is an update version from the 2011 Geology paper.  For the Age model, 14C AMS dates signified by * were not used. The chronostratigraphic tie point at 183cm was updated from 11,500 to 11,700 years for Elmore et al., 2014.\r\n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"15218"}