{"NOAAStudyId":"20023","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2016-04-15","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-20023.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":10744,"earliestYearCE":-8794,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-20023","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Scottish Alliance for GeoSciences (SAGES)","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Moossen, H.; Bendle, J.A.; Seki, O.; Quillmann, U.; Kawamura, K.","mostRecentYearBP":310,"mostRecentYearCE":1640,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20023","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Holocene climatic change is driven by a plethora of forcing mechanisms acting on different time scales, including: insolation, internal ocean (e.g. Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation; AMOC) and atmospheric (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation; NAO) variability. However, it is unclear how these driving mechanisms interact with each other. Here we present five, biomarker based, paleoclimate records (air-, sea surface temperature and precipitation), from a fjordic sediment core, revealing North Atlantic terrestrial and marine climate in unprecedented detail. The Early Holocene (10.7-7.8 kyrs BP) is characterised by relatively high air temperatures while SSTs are dampened by melt water events, and relatively low precipitation. The Middle Holocene (7.8-3.2 kyrs BP) is characterised by peak SSTs, declining air temperatures and high precipitation. A pronounced marine thermal maximum occurs between ~7-5.5 kyrs BP, 3000 years after the terrestrial thermal maximum, driven by melt water cessation and an accelerating AMOC. The neoglacial cooling, between 5.8 and 3.2 kyrs BP leads into the late Holocene. We demonstrate that an observed modern link between Icelandic precipitation variability during different NAO phases, may have existed from ~7.5 kyrs BP. A simultaneous decoupling of both air, and sea surface temperature records from declining insolation at ~3.2 kyrs BP may indicate a threshold, after which internal feedback mechanisms, namely the NAO evolved to be the primary drivers of Icelandic climate on centennial time-scales.","author":{"name":"Heiko Moossen, James Bendle, Osamu Seki, Ursula Quillmann, Kimitaka Kawamura"},"citation":"Heiko Moossen, James Bendle, Osamu Seki, Ursula Quillmann, Kimitaka Kawamura. 2015. North Atlantic Holocene climate evolution recorded by high-resolution terrestrial and marine biomarker records. Quaternary Science Reviews, 129, 111-127. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.10.013","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.10.013","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.10.013"},"issue":null,"journal":"Quaternary Science Reviews","pages":"111-127","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2015,"reportNumber":null,"title":"North Atlantic Holocene climate evolution recorded by high-resolution terrestrial and marine biomarker records","type":"publication","volume":"129"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Air Temperature Reconstruction","Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"52573","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["66.228","-23.265"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-23.265","maxElevationMeters":"-106","minElevationMeters":"-106","northernmostLatitude":"66.228","southernmostLatitude":"66.228","westernmostLongitude":"-23.265"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"30703","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>biomarkers"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/moossen2015/moossen2015acl.txt","linkText":"Average Chain Length Leaf Wax-derived n-alkanes (ACL25-35)","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"average chain length of leaf wax-derived n-alkanes (ACL25-35); 0.06 1S SD; ACL25-35 values were calculated after Schefuss et al. (2003)","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organic compound index>chain length index>average chain length"}]}],"dataTableName":"Moossen2015ACL","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":10744,"earliestYearBP":10744,"earliestYearCE":-8794,"mostRecentYear":321,"mostRecentYearBP":321,"mostRecentYearCE":1629,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"30704","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>biomarkers"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/moossen2015/moossen2015dd.txt","linkText":"delta Deuterium of leaf wax derived C29 n-alkane","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"leaf wax-derived C29 n-alkane; 4.7 1S SD; C29-dD values were corrected for changes in global ice volume after Collins et al. (2003)","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":"corrected","cvError":"one standard deviation","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>hydrocarbon>alkane>n-alkane>C29 n-alkane","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VSMOW","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 2H"}]}],"dataTableName":"Moossen2015dD","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":10351,"earliestYearBP":10351,"earliestYearCE":-8401,"mostRecentYear":321,"mostRecentYearBP":321,"mostRecentYearCE":1629,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"30705","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>reconstruction"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/moossen2015/moossen2015mat.txt","linkText":"Temperature Reconstruction (CBT/MBT')","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"CBT/MBT' values were converted to SSTs using the calibration equation published by Peterse et al. (2012)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>organic compound index>glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether index","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>air temperature>surface air temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"}]}],"dataTableName":"Moossen2015MAT","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":10744,"earliestYearBP":10744,"earliestYearCE":-8794,"mostRecentYear":310,"mostRecentYearBP":310,"mostRecentYearCE":1640,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"30706","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>biomarkers"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/moossen2015/moossen2015ph.txt","linkText":"Soil pH from CBT","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"CBT values were converted to soil pH using the calibration equation published by Peterse et al. (2012)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>organic compound index>glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether index","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>solution property>acidity>pH"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"CBT values were converted to soil pH using the calibration equation published by Peterse et al. (2012)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>soil","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>solution property>acidity>pH"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"}]}],"dataTableName":"Moossen2015pH","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":10744,"earliestYearBP":10744,"earliestYearCE":-8794,"mostRecentYear":310,"mostRecentYearBP":310,"mostRecentYearCE":1640,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"30707","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>reconstruction"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/moossen2015/moossen2015sst.txt","linkText":"Sea Surface Temperature reconstruction from Uk'37","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"UK'37 values were converted to SSTs using the calibration equation published by Conte et al. (2006)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>organic compound index>alkenone unsaturation index","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>sea water temperature>sea surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"}]}],"dataTableName":"Moossen2015SST","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":10744,"earliestYearBP":10744,"earliestYearCE":-8794,"mostRecentYear":310,"mostRecentYearBP":310,"mostRecentYearCE":1640,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"MD99-2266"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Northwest Iceland Holocene Biomarker Data and Climate Reconstructions","studyNotes":"Northwest Iceland Holocene sea surface temperature and mean air temperature reconstructed using soil-pH, ACL25-35 variability, and the hydrogen isotopic composition of the C29 n-alkane from sediment core MD99-2266, Isafjardardjup Fjord, Denmark Strait","version":"1.0","xmlId":"17873"}