{"NOAAStudyId":"20775","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2016-11-16","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-20775.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":22248,"earliestYearCE":-20298,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-20775","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US NASA","fundingGrant":"NN14AP38G"},{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"OCE-1030784, OCE-09277247"}],"investigators":"Williams, R.H.; McGee, D.; Kinsley, C.W.; Ridley, D.A.; Hu, S.; Fedorov, A.V.; Tal, I.; Murray, R.W.; deMenocal, P.B.","mostRecentYearBP":288,"mostRecentYearCE":1662,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20775","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Saharan mineral dust exported over the tropical North Atlantic is thought to have significant impacts on regional climate and ecosystems, but limited data exists documenting past changes in long-range dust transport. This data gap limits investigations of the role of Saharan dust in past climate change, in particular during the early Holocene, when climate models consistently underestimate the intensification of the West African monsoon documented by paleorecords. Here we present reconstructions of African dust deposition in sediments from the Bahamas and the tropical North Atlantic spanning the last 23,000 years. Both sites show early Holocene dust fluxes 40-50% lower than recent values and maximum dust fluxes during the deglaciation, demonstrating strong agreement with records from the northwest African margin. These quantitative estimates of trans-Atlantic dust transport offer important constraints on past changes in dust-related radiative and biogeochemical impacts. Using idealized climate model experiments to investigate the response to reductions in Saharan dust's radiative forcing over the tropical North Atlantic, we find that small (0.15 °C) dust-related increases in regional sea surface temperatures are sufficient to cause significant northward shifts in the Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone, increased precipitation in the western Sahel and Sahara, and reductions in easterly and northeasterly winds over dust source regions. Our results suggest that the amplifying feedback of dust on sea surface temperatures and regional climate may be significant, and that accurate simulation of dust's radiative effects is likely essential to improving model representations of past and future precipitation variations in North Africa. ","author":{"name":"Williams, R.H., D. McGee, D.A. Ridley, C.W. Kinsley, S. Hu, A. Fedorov, I. Tal, R. Murray, and P.B. deMenocal"},"citation":"Williams, R.H., D. McGee, D.A. Ridley, C.W. Kinsley, S. Hu, A. Fedorov, I. Tal, R. Murray, and P.B. deMenocal. 2016. Glacial to Holocene changes in trans-Atlantic Saharan dust transport and dust-climate feedbacks. Science Advances, 2. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1600445","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1126/sciadv.1600445","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600445"},"issue":null,"journal":"Science Advances","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2016,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Glacial to Holocene changes in trans-Atlantic Saharan dust transport and dust-climate feedbacks","type":"publication","volume":"2"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56914","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["26.0612","26.0703","-78.05617","-78.0277"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-78.0277","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"26.0703","southernmostLatitude":"26.0612","westernmostLongitude":"-78.05617"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean>Caribbean Sea>Bahamas","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"31509","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>geochemistry"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/williams2016/williams2016-100-103ggc-geochem.txt","linkText":"OCE205-2 100GGC and 103GGC Geochemistry Data","urlDescription":"Formatted Text File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"core ID","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample end"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth>depth at sample start"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"detrital sediment","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microgram per gram","cvWhat":"geological material>identified mineral>silicate mineral>zircon"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"detrital sediment","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microgram per gram","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>thorium"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"detrital sediment","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>bulk geological material>sediment","cvMethod":"inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"microgram per gram","cvWhat":"chemical composition>element or single-element molecule>scandium"}]}],"dataTableName":"OCE205-2 100GGC-103GGC Geochem Williams2016","dataTableNotes":"Ages for cores OCE205-2 100GGC and 103GGC previously published by Came et al. 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