{"NOAAStudyId":"21950","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2017-04-18","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-21950.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":18120,"earliestYearCE":-16170,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-21950","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"AGS-0602395, OCE-1204204"}],"investigators":"Praetorius, S.K.; Mix, A.C.; Davies-Walczak, M.H.; Wolhowe, M.D.; Addison, J.A.; Prahl, F.G.","mostRecentYearBP":500,"mostRecentYearCE":1450,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21950","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":null,"author":{"name":"Davies, M.H., A.C. Mix, J.S. Stoner, J.A. Addison, J. Jaeger, B. Finney, and J. Wiest"},"citation":"Davies, M.H., A.C. Mix, J.S. Stoner, J.A. Addison, J. Jaeger, B. Finney, and J. Wiest. 2011. The deglacial transition on the southeastern Alaska Margin: Meltwater input, sea level rise, marine productivity, and sedimentary anoxia. Paleoceanography, 26, PA2223. doi: 10.1029/2010PA002051","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/2010PA002051","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010PA002051"},"issue":null,"journal":"Paleoceanography","pages":null,"pubRank":"2","pubYear":2011,"reportNumber":"PA2223","title":"The deglacial transition on the southeastern Alaska Margin: Meltwater input, sea level rise, marine productivity, and sedimentary anoxia","type":"publication","volume":"26"},{"abstract":"Marine sediments from the North Pacific document two episodes of expansion and strengthening of the subsurface oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) accompanied by seafloor hypoxia during the last deglacial transition. The mechanisms driving this hypoxia remain under debate. We present a new high-resolution alkenone palaeotemperature reconstruction from the Gulf of Alaska that reveals two abrupt warming events of 4–5 degrees Celsius at the onset of the Bølling and Holocene intervals that coincide with sudden shifts to hypoxia at intermediate depths. The presence of diatomaceous laminations and hypoxia-tolerant benthic foraminiferal species, peaks in redox-sensitive trace metals, and enhanced 15N/14N ratio of organic matter, collectively suggest association with high export production. A decrease in 18O/16O values of benthic foraminifera accompanying the most severe deoxygenation event indicates subsurface warming of up to about 2 degrees Celsius. We infer that abrupt warming triggered expansion of the North Pacific OMZ through reduced oxygen solubility and increased marine productivity via physiological effects; following initiation of hypoxia, remobilization of iron from hypoxic sediments could have provided a positive feedback on ocean deoxygenation through increased nutrient utilization and carbon export. Such a biogeochemical amplification process implies high sensitivity of OMZ expansion to warming.","author":{"name":"Praetorius, S.K., A.C. Mix, M.H. Davies, M.D. Wolhowe, J.A. Addison, and F.G. Prahl"},"citation":"Praetorius, S.K., A.C. Mix, M.H. Davies, M.D. Wolhowe, J.A. Addison, and F.G. Prahl. 2015. North Pacific deglacial hypoxic events linked to abrupt ocean warming. Nature, 527, 362-366. doi: 10.1038/nature15753","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/nature15753","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature15753"},"issue":null,"journal":"Nature","pages":"362-366","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2015,"reportNumber":null,"title":"North Pacific deglacial hypoxic events linked to abrupt ocean warming","type":"publication","volume":"527"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"53252","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["59.555","-144.1535"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-144.1535","maxElevationMeters":"-682","minElevationMeters":"-682","northernmostLatitude":"59.555","southernmostLatitude":"59.555","westernmostLongitude":"-144.1535"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Pacific Ocean>North Pacific Ocean>Gulf Of Alaska","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"32965","coreLengthMeters":11,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth 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The age model for this core is previously published in Davies-Walczak et al., 2014 (DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.04.004). Additional benthic oxygen isotope data is provided from cores EW0408-87JC and EW0408-26JC in the Gulf of Alaska, along with the radiocarbon chronology for EW0408-87JC. Source reference for EW0408-26JC age model- Praetorius, S.K. and A.C., Science, 2014 (DOI: 10.1126/science.1252000). Please cite original reference when using this data and consult original publication for details on radiocarbon chronology. Sediment concentrations (K37's mg/g) are not reported for a small number of samples for which analysis of the recovery standard was compromised (indicated with NAN).\n     Provided Keywords: ocean hypoxia, deglacial, oxygen minimum zone,  alkenone paleotemperature","version":"1.0","xmlId":"19908"}