{"NOAAStudyId":"22588","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2017-08-28","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-22588.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":2785481,"earliestYearCE":-2783531,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-22588","funding":[],"investigators":"Li, D.; Zhao, M.; Tian, J.","mostRecentYearBP":257,"mostRecentYearCE":1693,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/22588","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Variability of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM), stronger during glacials and weaker during interglacials, has been tightly linked to the wax and wane of the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets (NHIS) via the Siberian High over the last 2.8 million years (Myr). However, the long eccentricity cycle (ca. 400 kyr) in the EAWM record from the late Pliocene to early-Pleistocene (2.8Ƀ1.2 Ma) could not be linked to NHIS changes, which lacked the long eccentricity cycle in the Pleistocene. Here, we present the first low latitude EAWM record of the last 2.8 Myr using surface and subsurface temperature difference from the northern South China Sea to evaluate interactions between tropical ocean and EAWM changes. The results show that the EAWM variability displayed significant 400 kyr cycle between 2.8 Ma and 1.2 Ma, with weak (strong) EAWM during high (low) earth orbital eccentricity state. A super El Ni?oɃSouthern Oscillation (ENSO) proxy record, calculated using west-east equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature differences, revealed 400 kyr cycles throughout the last 2.8 Myr with warm phase during high eccentricity state. Thus, we propose that super ENSO mean state strongly modulated the EAWM strength through remote forcing to generate the 400 kyr cycle between 2.8 Ma and 1.2 Ma, while low NHIS volume was not sufficient to dominate the EAWM variation as it did over the last 0.9 Myr with 100 kyr cycles in dominance.","author":{"name":"Li, D., M. Zhao, and J. Tian"},"citation":"Li, D., M. Zhao, and J. Tian. 2017. Low-high latitude interaction forcing on the evolution of the 400 kyr cycle in East Asian winter monsoon records during the last 2.8 Myr. Quaternary Science Reviews, 172, 72-82. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.08.005","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.08.005","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.08.005"},"issue":null,"journal":"Quaternary Science Reviews","pages":"72-82","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2017,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Low-high latitude interaction forcing on the evolution of the 400 kyr cycle in East Asian winter monsoon records during the last 2.8 Myr","type":"publication","volume":"172"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"20714","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["18.836","116.566"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"116.566","maxElevationMeters":"-3296","minElevationMeters":"-3296","northernmostLatitude":"18.836","southernmostLatitude":"18.836","westernmostLongitude":"116.566"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Pacific Ocean>Western Pacific Ocean>South China Sea","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"33711","coreLengthMeters":151,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>biomarkers","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>reconstruction"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/li2017/li2017.txt","linkText":"ODP 1148 Uk'37 and TEX86 Data and Temperature Reconstructions","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"core name","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>sample identification"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"mcd","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"meter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calculated after Mueller et al.(1998)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>organic compound index>alkenone unsaturation index","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>sea water temperature>sea surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calculated after Jia et al. (2012)","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>organic compound index>glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether index","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>sea water temperature>sea surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calculated after Prahl and Wakeham (1987)","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organic compound index>alkenone unsaturation index>alkenone unsaturation index Uk37 prime"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calculated after Schouten et al. (2002)","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organic compound index>tetraether index of 86 carbon atoms"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calculated after Hopmans et al. (2004)","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>compound>organic compound>organic compound index>branched and isoprenoid tetraether index"}]}],"dataTableName":"ODP1148 SST Li2017","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":2785481,"earliestYearBP":2785481,"earliestYearCE":-2783531,"mostRecentYear":257,"mostRecentYearBP":257,"mostRecentYearCE":1693,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"ODP 1148"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"2.8 million years of alkenone and TEX86 data and surface and subsurface temperature in the northern South China Sea","studyNotes":"Surface and subsurface temperature difference from the northern South China Sea was used to reconstruct east Asian winter monsoon.The 400 kyr cycle in east Asian winter monsoon was generated from remote forcing by super tropical Pacific ENSO.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"20773"}