{"NOAAStudyId":"25611","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2018-11-06","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-25611.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":24734,"earliestYearCE":-22784,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-25611","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"OCE-1436014, AGS-1502889, OCE-1359194, OCE-1450528"},{"fundingAgency":"Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)","fundingGrant":"NE/N015045/1"}],"investigators":"Ford, H.L.; McChesney, C.L.; Hertzberg, J.E.; McManus, J.F.","mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/25611","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The mean state and variability of the tropical Pacific is influenced by the depth of the thermocline. During the Last Glacial Maximum (~21,000 years ago), the zonal sea surface temperature gradient across the equatorial Pacific was reduced and productivity was generally lower than modern. To understand the thermocline depth's role in determining the Last Glacial Maximum tropical mean state, we reconstruct the upper ocean d18O profile from multiple species of planktic foraminifera. We synthesize existing records of surface and subsurface dwelling foraminifera to reconstruct the vertical d18O gradient throughout the eastern equatorial Pacific. We find the thermocline was deeper during the Last Glacial Maximum than the Holocene throughout the eastern equatorial Pacific region. The thermocline depth's role in the dynamic forcing of the cold tongue contributed to the reduced zonal SST gradient across the equatorial Pacific, decreased productivity, and presumably impacted El Niño-Southern Oscillation variability relative to the Holocene.","author":{"name":"Ford, H.L., C.L. McChesney, J.E. Hertzberg, and J.F. McManus"},"citation":"Ford, H.L., C.L. McChesney, J.E. Hertzberg, and J.F. McManus. 2018. A Deep Eastern Equatorial Pacific Thermocline During the Last Glacial Maximum. Geophysical Research Letters, 45. doi: 10.1029/2018GL079710","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1029/2018GL079710","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079710"},"issue":null,"journal":"Geophysical Research Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2018,"reportNumber":null,"title":"A Deep Eastern Equatorial Pacific Thermocline During the Last Glacial Maximum","type":"publication","volume":"45"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Last Glacial Maximum"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"57753","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-.6938","6.234","-110.5197","-85.3333"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-85.3333","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"6.234","southernmostLatitude":"-0.6938","westernmostLongitude":"-110.5197"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Pacific Ocean>Eastern Pacific 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09MC-17JC"},{"NOAASiteId":"57754","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-5.517","8.2055","-110.5197","-81.583"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-81.583","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"8.2055","southernmostLatitude":"-5.517","westernmostLongitude":"-110.5197"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Pacific Ocean>Eastern Pacific Ocean","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"37454","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/ford2018/ford2018-synthesis.txt","linkText":"Eastern Equatorial Pacific Synthesis of d18O Data","urlDescription":"NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"site 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