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Existing data do not allow simple confirmation or rejection of any of the proposed models, and this uncertainty compromises investigations of the relationship between ocean circulation and climate. Here we use neodymium isotopes (eNd) preserved in fossilized fish debris to examine changes in Pacific circulation by comparing trends from the late Campanian through the Maastrichtian to patterns during a well-documented early Maastrichtian cooling pulse (EMCP). Pacific eNd data have similar values in late Campanian and late Maastrichtian samples but show a small negative eNd excursion that closely correlates with the EMCP. These observations argue against export of southern component waters into the Pacific and, combined with new modeling results of subsurface water mass age, suggest the southwestern Pacific to have been the dominant source region for Pacific intermediate and deep waters throughout the late Campanian–Maastrichtian. 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