{"NOAAStudyId":"5581","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2006-07-01","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/paleoceanography","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-ocean-5581.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":35757,"earliestYearCE":-33807,"entryId":"noaa-ocean-5581","funding":[],"investigators":"Hill, T.M.; Kennett, J.P.; Valentine, D.L.; Yang, Z.; Reddy, C.M.; Nelson, R.K.; Behl, R.J.; Robert, C.; Beaufort, L.","mostRecentYearBP":141,"mostRecentYearCE":1809,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/5581","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Marine hydrocarbon seepage emits oil and gas, including methane (~30 Tg of CH4 per year), to the ocean and atmosphere. Sediments from the California margin contain preserved tar, primarily formed through hydrocarbon weathering at the sea surface. We present a record of variation in the abundance of tar in sediments for the past 32,000 years, providing evidence for increases in hydrocarbon emissions before and during Termination IA [16,000 years ago (16 ka) to 14 ka] and again over Termination IB (11ŋ10 ka). Our study provides direct evidence for increased hydrocarbon seepage associated with deglacial warming through tar abundance in marine sediments, independent of previous geochemical proxies. Climate-sensitive gas hydrates may modulate thermogenic hydrocarbon seepage during deglaciation.","author":null,"citation":"Hill, T.M., J.P. Kennett, D.L. Valentine, Z. Yang, C.M. Reddy, R.K. Nelson, R.J. Behl, C. Robert, and L. Beaufort. 2006. Climatically driven emissions of hydrocarbons from marine sediments during deglaciation.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(37), 13570-13574.","edition":null,"identifier":null,"issue":null,"journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2006,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Climatically driven emissions of hydrocarbons from marine sediments during deglaciation","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"19297","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["34.28","-120.03"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-120.03","maxElevationMeters":"-570","minElevationMeters":"-570","northernmostLatitude":"34.28","southernmostLatitude":"34.28","westernmostLongitude":"-120.03"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Pacific Ocean>North Pacific Ocean","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"7954","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>age control","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/hill2006b","linkText":"hill2006b","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>age control","earth science>paleoclimate>paleocean>physical properties"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleocean/sediment_files/complete/md2-2503-tab.txt","linkText":"md2-2503-tab.txt","urlDescription":"Alternate Format Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"centimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"radiocarbon year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"> 250 microns","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"biological material>organism>foraminifer>planktic foraminifer>Globigerina sp.>Globigerina bulloides","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil PDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"tar index","cvDataType":"PALEOCEANOGRAPHY","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"}]}],"dataTableName":"MD2-2503","dataTableNotes":"Depth is void corrected. 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