{"NOAAStudyId":"10751","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2011-04-01","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"OTHER COLLECTIONS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/other-collections","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-other-10751.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":140000,"earliestYearCE":-138050,"entryId":"noaa-other-10751","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"ESH"},{"fundingAgency":"Australian Research Council  ","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Miller, G.H.; Fogel, M.L.; Magee, J.W.; Gagan, M.K.; Clarke, S.J.; Johnson, B.J.","mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10751","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Most of Australia's largest mammals became extinct 50,000 to 45,000 \nyears ago, shortly after humans colonized the continent. Without \nexceptional climate change at that time, a human cause is inferred, \nbut a mechanism remains elusive. A 140,000-year record of dietary \nd13C documents a permanent reduction in food sources available to \nthe Australian emu, beginning about the time of human colonization; \na change replicated at three widely separated sites and in the \nmarsupial wombat. We speculate that human firing of landscapes \nrapidly converted a drought-adapted mosaic of trees, shrubs, \nand nutritious grasslands to the modern fire-adapted desert scrub. \nAnimals that could adapt survived; those that could not, \nbecame extinct. \n\n","author":null,"citation":"Miller, G.H., M.L. Fogel, J.W. Magee, M.K. Gagan, S.J. Clarke, \nand B.J. Johnson. 2005. \nEcosystem Collapse in Pleistocene Australia and a Human Role \nin Megafaunal Extinction. \nScience, Vol. 309, pp 287-290, 8 July 2005. \nDOI: 10.1126/science.1111288 \n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1126/science.1111288","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1111288"},"issue":null,"journal":"Science","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2005,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Ecosystem Collapse in Pleistocene Australia and a Human Role  in Megafaunal Extinction","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":null,"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"37362","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-34.085","141.903"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"141.903","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"-34.085","southernmostLatitude":"-34.085","westernmostLongitude":"141.903"}},"locationName":"Continent>Australia/New Zealand>Australia>New South Wales","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"19460","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>others"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/aar/miller2005nsw/miller2005nsw.txt","linkText":"miller2005nsw.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>others"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/aar/miller2005nsw/miller2005nsw.xls","linkText":"miller2005nsw.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"M92-A3","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":140000,"earliestYearBP":140000,"earliestYearCE":-138050,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"M92-A3"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"New South Wales, Australia 140KYr Amino Acid Racemization Data","studyNotes":"New South Wales, Australia 136KYr Amino Acid Racemization Data \n \nLABORTAORY AND ANALYTICAL INFORMATION \nSamples prepared and analyzed at the University of Colorado, Boulder (CU) \nLab PI: Miller, Gifford H. \nSamples collected and prepared between 1992 and 2003 \nPretreatment: Eggshell fragments surface cleaned with dremel tools; \n33% leached in 2N HCl in vacuum centrifuge; rinsed with DI water \nand air dried   \nAA fraction: Total Hydrolysate \nHydrolysis procedure: 7N HCl 22 hours 110 deg C \nBleach: No \nAnalytical method: IELC \nInstrumental programming: IELC stepwise buffer change (pH 3.12, 3.86, 10.4) \nArea or height ratio: height \nBlank corrections: no \nResponse factors:  no \nData screening criteria: each sample typically analyzed twice, \nanalyzed again if coefficient of variation >5%. \nInterlab comparisons: no \n \nSAMPLE LOCATION INFORMATION \nCountry or ocean: Australia \nRegion: Darling-Murray \nState or province or sea: NSW \nCoordinate precision: ± 5m \nDatum: WGS84 \n    \nSAMPLE MATERIAL AND CONTEXT \nMaterial type: ratite eggshell \nNumber of individuals: 1 (Lab-ID represents single fragment analysis) \nField context: eggshell fragments \nField context: lacustrine lunettes \nField context: surface collections \nCollection date: 1992-2002 \nCollector: Gifford H Miller \nSample PI: Gifford H Miller \nStratigraphic unit or age: Quaternary \nSample ID = \"Lab Code + Lab-ID\" \n \nRESULTS \nLab code: AAL \nLab number = \"Lab Code + Lab-ID\" \nNumber of chromatograms: variable; normally > 2 for all IELC analyses \nSample or analytical quality \nAI = A/I\n\n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"9314"}