{"NOAAStudyId":"10394","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2011-02-28","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-reconstruction","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-10394.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":2450,"earliestYearCE":-500,"entryId":"noaa-recon-10394","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Swiss National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":null},{"fundingAgency":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","fundingGrant":"62201185, 62201236"},{"fundingAgency":"Austrian Science Fund FWF","fundingGrant":"P15828, F3113-G02"}],"investigators":"Büntgen, U.; Tegel, W.; Nicolussi, K.; McCormick, M.; Frank, D.C.; Trouet, V.; Kaplan, J.O.; Herzig, F.; Heussner, K.-U.; Wanner, H.; Luterbacher, J.; Esper, J.","mostRecentYearBP":-58,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10394","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Climate variations influenced the agricultural productivity, \nhealth risk, and conflict level of preindustrial societies. \nDiscrimination between environmental and anthropogenic impacts \non past civilizations, however, remains difficult because of \nthe paucity of high-resolution paleoclimatic evidence. \nWe present tree ring–based reconstructions of central European \nsummer precipitation and temperature variability over the past \n2500 years. Recent warming is unprecedented, but modern \nhydroclimatic variations may have at times been exceeded \nin magnitude and duration. Wet and warm summers occurred \nduring periods of Roman and medieval prosperity. Increased \nclimate variability from ~250 to 600 C.E. coincided with \nthe demise of the western Roman Empire and the turmoil of \nthe Migration Period. Such historical data may provide a basis \nfor counteracting the recent political and fiscal reluctance \nto mitigate projected climate change. \n","author":null,"citation":"Büntgen, U., W. Tegel, K. Nicolussi, M. McCormick, D. Frank, \nV. Trouet, J.O. Kaplan, F. Herzig, K.-U. Heussner, H. Wanner, \nJ. Luterbacher, and J. Esper. 2011. \n2500 Years of European Climate Variability and Human Susceptibility. \nScience, Vol. 331, pp. 578-583, 4 February 2011. \nDOI: 10.1126/science.1197175 \n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1126/science.1197175 ","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1197175 "},"issue":null,"journal":"Science","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2011,"reportNumber":null,"title":"2500 Years of European Climate Variability and Human Susceptibility","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Air Temperature Reconstruction","Little Ice Age (LIA)","Precipitation Reconstruction","drought","Medieval Warm Period"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"31579","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["45","53","6","20"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"20","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"53","southernmostLatitude":"45","westernmostLongitude":"6"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"19161","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>precipitation","earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/europe/buentgen2011europe.xls","linkText":"buentgen2011europe.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>precipitation","earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/europe/buentgen2011europe.txt","linkText":"buentgen2011europe.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration data set: CRU TS 2.1","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>ring width","cvMethod":"composite plus scale","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Apr-Jun","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration data set: CRU TS 2.2","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one root mean square error lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>ring width","cvMethod":"composite plus scale","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Apr-Jun","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration data set: CRU TS 2.3","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one root mean square error upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>ring width","cvMethod":"composite plus scale","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Apr-Jun","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"calibration data set: CRU TS 2.4","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>ring width","cvMethod":"composite plus scale","cvSeasonality":"4-month period>Jun-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"reference period: 1901-2000 A.D.; calibration data set: local instrumental data","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>ring width","cvMethod":"composite plus scale","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"reference period: 1901-2000 A.D.; calibration data set: local instrumental data","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":"one root mean square error lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>ring width","cvMethod":"composite plus scale","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"reference period: 1901-2000 A.D.; calibration data set: local instrumental data","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":"one root mean square error upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>ring width","cvMethod":"composite plus scale","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"based on latewood density; reference period: 1901-2000 A.D.; calibration data set: local instrumental data","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>ring density","cvMethod":"composite plus scale","cvSeasonality":"4-month period>Jun-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"}]}],"dataTableName":"EUR001","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":-500,"earliestYearBP":2450,"earliestYearCE":-500,"mostRecentYear":2008,"mostRecentYearBP":-58,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Central Europe"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Central Europe 2500 Year Tree Ring Summer Climate Reconstructions ","studyNotes":"Tree ring-based reconstructions of central European summer \nprecipitation and temperature over the past 2500 years.\nPrecipitation is reconstructed for April-May-June, \nand temperature anomalies for June-July-August.  \n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"9048"}