{"NOAAStudyId":"12821","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-03-08","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-reconstruction","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-12821.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":950,"earliestYearCE":1000,"entryId":"noaa-recon-12821","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"National Natural Science Foundation China","fundingGrant":"40721061, 40971056, B06026"}],"investigators":"Chen, F.-H.; Chen, J.-H.; Holmes, J.A.; Boomer, I.; Austin, P.; Gates, J.B.; Wang, N.-L.; Brooks, S.J.; Zhang, J.-W.","mostRecentYearBP":-50,"mostRecentYearCE":2000,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12821","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"There is a strong chance that 20th century warming will cause \r\ndifferences in precipitation distribution, hydrological cycle \r\nand effective moisture changes over the globe. Arid central \r\nAsia (ACA), a unique dryland area whose atmospheric circulation \r\nis dominated today by the westerlies, is one of the specific \r\nregions that are likely to be strongly impacted by global warming. \r\nAn understanding of past variations in effective moisture in such \r\nregions is an important prerequisite for the prediction of future \r\nhydrological change. Here we evaluate spatial and temporal patterns \r\nof effective moisture variations documented by different proxies \r\nfrom 17 records in ACA, and synthesize a decadal-resolution \r\nmoisture curve for ACA over the past millennium, using 5 of the 17 \r\nrecords selected on the basis of reliable chronologies and robust \r\nproxies. The high- and low-resolution data all show that, over \r\nthe past millennium, ACA has been characterized by a relatively \r\ndry Medieval Warm Period (MWP; the period from w1000 to 1350 AD),\r\na wet Little Ice Age (LIA; from w1500 to 1850 AD) and increasing \r\nmoisture during recent decades. As a whole, the LIA in the ACA \r\nwas not only relatively humid but also had high precipitation. \r\nOver the past millennium, the multi-centennial moisture changes \r\nin ACA show a generally inverse relationship with the temperature \r\nchanges in the Northern Hemisphere, China, and western central Asia. \r\nThe effective moisture history in ACA also shows an out-of-phase \r\nrelationship with that in monsoon Asia (especially during the LIA). \r\nWe propose that the humid LIA in ACA, possibly extending to \r\nMediterranean Sea and Western Europe, may have resulted from \r\nincreased precipitation due to more frequent mid-latitude cyclone \r\nactivities as a result of the strengthening and equator-ward shift \r\nof the westerly jet stream, and the predominantly negative \r\nNorth Atlantic Oscillation conditions, coupled with a decrease \r\nin evapotranspiration caused by the cooling at that time.\r\n","author":null,"citation":"Chen, F.-H., J.-H. Chen, J. Holmes, I. Boomer, P. Austin, \r\nJ.B. Gates, N.-L. Wang, S.J. Brooks, and J.-W. Zhang. 2010. \r\nMoisture changes over the last millennium in arid central Asia: \r\na review, synthesis and comparison with monsoon region. \r\nQuaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 29, Issues 7–8, pp. 1055–1068, \r\nApril 2010.   http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.01.005 \r\n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.01.005 ","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.01.005 "},"issue":null,"journal":"Quaternary Science Reviews","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2010,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Moisture changes over the last millennium in arid central Asia:  a review, synthesis and comparison with monsoon region","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Other Hydroclimate Reconstruction","westerlies"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"52976","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["34.3","46.6","50.9","102.3"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"102.3","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"46.6","southernmostLatitude":"34.3","westernmostLongitude":"50.9"}},"locationName":"Continent>Asia>Southcentral Asia","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"21154","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>ground water"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/chen2010/chen2010.txt","linkText":"chen2010.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"anomalized over length of record, resampled for uniform temporal spacing\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"compositing method","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"standard deviation unit","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation minus evaporation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"anomalized over length of record, resampled for uniform temporal spacing\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"compositing method","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"standard deviation unit","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation minus evaporation"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>ground water"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/chen2010/chen2010.xls","linkText":"chen2010.xls","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"Chen2010","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1000,"earliestYearBP":950,"earliestYearCE":1000,"mostRecentYear":2000,"mostRecentYearBP":-50,"mostRecentYearCE":2000,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Arid central Asia"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Arid Central Asia 1000 Year Synthesized Moisture Reconstruction ","studyNotes":"Synthesized moisture data (decadal resolution) for Arid Central Asia \n(ACA) over the last millennium. The synthesized data were derived \nfrom 5 well-dated, high-resolution paleo-moisture records located \nacross the ACA, by arithmetically averaging of interpolated \n(to a uniform 10a resolution) and standardized (to have zero mean \nand unit standard deviation) original data. Chronology was established \nin original publications on each of the 5 proxy records, except in \nthe case of Aral Sea. \n\nArid central Asia: 34°19'48\" - 46°31'48\"N, 50°57'- 102°22'12\"E \n\n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"10884"}