{"NOAAStudyId":"13196","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-08-07","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-reconstruction","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-13196.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":450,"earliestYearCE":1500,"entryId":"noaa-recon-13196","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"ATM-0823665"}],"investigators":"Cleaveland, M.K.; Votteler, T.H.; Stahle, D.K.; Casteel, R.C.; Banner, J.L.","mostRecentYearBP":-58,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13196","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Short instrumental climatic records prevent appropriate statistical \r\nand historical characterization of extreme events such as the extent, \r\nduration, and severity of multiyear droughts. The best solution is \r\nto extend climatic records through well-understood proxies of climate. \r\nOne of the best such proxies is climate-sensitive annual tree rings, \r\nwhich can be dated precisely to the year, are easily sampled, and are \r\nwidely distributed. We created 3 new baldcypress chronologies in South \r\nCentral Texas and used them, along with existing Douglas-fir chronologies \r\nfrom West Texas and a composite post oak chronology in Central Texas,\r\nto calibrate 1931-2008 and reconstruct June Palmer Drought Severity \r\nIndex (PDSI) in Texas climate divisions 5 (Trans Pecos), 6 (Edwards \r\nPlateau), 7 (S. Central), and 8 (Upper Coast) 1500-2008. We validated \r\nthe reconstructions against observed data not used in calibration. \r\nMost water planners in Texas at present use the drought of the 1950s, \r\n1950-1956, as a worst-case scenario. Our reconstructions show, however, \r\nthat a number of extended droughts of the past were longer and/or more \r\nintense than the 1950s drought. Furthermore, extended droughts have \r\nbeen a consistent feature of southwestern climate since the 800s, \r\nincluding at least 4megadroughts 15- to 30-years long centered in \r\ncentral or northern Mexico (Stahle et al. 2009; 2011b). This and \r\nprevious studies indicate that severe decadal-scale droughts have \r\noccurred in Texas at least once a century since the 1500s. Current \r\nuse by water planners of the 1950s drought as a worst-case scenario, \r\ntherefore, is questionable. When water managers consider past droughts, \r\npopulation growth, and climate change, it becomes highly probable \r\nthat the future poses unprecedented challenges.","author":null,"citation":"Cleaveland, M.K., T.H. Votteler, D.K. Stahle, R.C. Casteel, \r\nand J.L. Banner. 2011. \r\nExtended Chronology of Drought in South Central, Southeastern \r\nand West Texas.\r\nTexas Water Journal, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 54-96, December 2011. ","edition":null,"identifier":null,"issue":null,"journal":"Texas Water Journal","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2011,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Extended Chronology of Drought in South Central, Southeastern  and West Texas","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["drought","Palmer Drought Index Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"53278","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["31.5","-103.5"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-103.5","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"31.5","southernmostLatitude":"31.5","westernmostLongitude":"-103.5"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>Texas","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"22674","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>ground 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Central), and 8 (Upper Coast).  \nThe tree-ring data utilized in the reconstructions are archived \nin the International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB), available at:\nhttp://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treering.html \n\nThe chronologies used are: \n\nGuadalupe River State Park, TADI, ITRDB TX052  \nKrause Springs, TADI, ITRDB TX053 \nSan Bernard River (Bates Allen Park), TADI, ITRDB TX054\nSouth Texas Composite post oak, QUST, ITRDB TX049\nBig Bend National Park, PSME, ITRDB TX001\nGuadalupe Peak, PSME, ITRDB TX046 (also recollected in 2008)","version":"1.0","xmlId":"11238"}