{"NOAAStudyId":"14428","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2013-05-19","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-reconstruction","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-14428.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":21000,"earliestYearCE":-19050,"entryId":"noaa-recon-14428","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"AGS 1204011"}],"investigators":"DiNezio, P.N.; Tierney, J.E.","mostRecentYearBP":18000,"mostRecentYearCE":-16050,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/14428","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The Indo-Pacific warm pool - the main source of heat and moisture to the global atmosphere - plays a prominent role in tropical and global climate variability. During the Last Glacial Maximum, temperatures within the warm pool were cooler than today and precipitation patterns were altered, but the mechanism responsible for these shifts remains unclear. Here we use a synthesis of proxy reconstructions of warm pool hydrology and a multi-model ensemble of climate simulations to assess the drivers of these changes. The proxy data suggest drier conditions throughout the centre of the warm pool and wetter conditions in the western Indian and Pacific oceans. Only one model out of twelve simulates a pattern of hydroclimate change similar to our reconstructions, as measured by the Cohen's K statistic. Exposure of the Sunda Shelf by lower glacial sea level plays a key role in the hydrologic pattern simulated by this model, which results from changes in the Walker circulation driven by weakened convection over the warm pool. We therefore conclude that on glacial-interglacial timescales, the growth and decay of ice sheets exert a first-order influence on tropical climate through the associated changes in global sea level.\r\n","author":null,"citation":"Pedro N. DiNezio and Jessica E. Tierney. 2013. \r\nThe effect of sea level on glacial Indo-Pacific climate. \r\nNature Geoscience, DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1823.\r\nPublished online 19-May-2013","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/ngeo1823","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1823"},"issue":null,"journal":"Nature Geoscience","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":null,"title":"The effect of sea level on glacial Indo-Pacific climate","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["hydrology","Other Hydroclimate Reconstruction","Warm Pool","Last Glacial Maximum"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"54889","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-16","20","55","-155"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-155","maxElevationMeters":"0","minElevationMeters":"0","northernmostLatitude":"20","southernmostLatitude":"-16","westernmostLongitude":"55"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Pacific Ocean>Western Pacific Ocean","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"24415","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>precipitation"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/dinezio2013/dinezio2013.xls","linkText":"dinezio2013.xls","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>precipitation"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/dinezio2013/dinezio2013mar-grid.txt","linkText":"dinezio2013mar-grid.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree north","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>latitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree east","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>longitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"number of observations","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>number of samples"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"\"\"KEY: -1 = Fresher, 0 = No Change, 1 = Saltier\"\"\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>solution property>salinity"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"\"\"KEY: -1 = Fresher, 0 = No Change, 1 = Saltier\"\"\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>sea water>sea surface","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>solution property>salinity"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"whether the observations merged into each \"\"gridded\"\" point agree (is_robust=1) or not (is_robust=0)\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>precipitation"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/dinezio2013/LGM_hydroclimate_proxy_data.mat","linkText":"LGM_hydroclimate_proxy_data.mat","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"DiNezio2013MarineGrid","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":21000,"earliestYearBP":21000,"earliestYearCE":-19050,"mostRecentYear":18000,"mostRecentYearBP":18000,"mostRecentYearCE":-16050,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"24416","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>precipitation"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/dinezio2013/dinezio2013.xls","linkText":"dinezio2013.xls","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>precipitation"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/dinezio2013/dinezio2013mar-raw.txt","linkText":"dinezio2013mar-raw.txt","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"location plus core ID","cvDataType":"CLIMATE 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metadata>latitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree east","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>longitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"number of observations","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>number of samples"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"\"\"KEY: -1 = Fresher, 0 = No Change, 1 = Saltier\"\"\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>solution property>salinity"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"\"\"KEY: -1 = Fresher, 0 = No Change, 1 = Saltier\"\"\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"hydrologic material>sea water>sea surface","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"chemical composition>solution property>salinity"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"whether the observations merged into each \"\"gridded\"\" point agree (is_robust=1) or not (is_robust=0)\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"\"\"chrono_flag=1\"\" indicates whether the proxy record contains one or more radiocarbon U/Th or well-constrained OSL dates near to or during the LGM. chrono_flag=0 indicates that the LGM was dated via wiggle-matching the local benthic d18O to a global stack or another method.\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>precipitation"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/dinezio2013/LGM_hydroclimate_proxy_data.mat","linkText":"LGM_hydroclimate_proxy_data.mat","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"DiNezio2013MarineRaw","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":21000,"earliestYearBP":21000,"earliestYearCE":-19050,"mostRecentYear":18000,"mostRecentYearBP":18000,"mostRecentYearCE":-16050,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"24417","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth 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RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree east","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>longitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"number of observations","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>number of samples"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"\"\"KEY: -1 = Drier, 0 = No Change, 1 =Wetter\"\"\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate index>moisture index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"whether the observations merged into each \"\"gridded\"\" point agree (is_robust=1) or not (is_robust=0)\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>precipitation"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/dinezio2013/LGM_hydroclimate_proxy_data.mat","linkText":"LGM_hydroclimate_proxy_data.mat","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"DiNezio2013TerrGrid","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":21000,"earliestYearBP":21000,"earliestYearCE":-19050,"mostRecentYear":18000,"mostRecentYearBP":18000,"mostRecentYearCE":-16050,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"24418","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth 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RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"reference","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Character","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree north","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>latitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree east","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>longitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"number of observations","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"count","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>number of samples"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"\"\"KEY: -1 = Drier, 0 = No Change, 1 =Wetter\"\"\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate index>moisture index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"whether the observations merged into each \"\"gridded\"\" point agree (is_robust=1) or not (is_robust=0)\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"\"\"\"chrono_flag=1\"\" indicates whether the proxy record contains one or more radiocarbon U/Th or well-constrained OSL dates near to or during the LGM. chrono_flag=0 indicates that the LGM was dated via wiggle-matching the local benthic d18O to a global stack or another method.\"","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>notes"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>precipitation"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/dinezio2013/LGM_hydroclimate_proxy_data.mat","linkText":"LGM_hydroclimate_proxy_data.mat","urlDescription":"Original Data and Full Metadata","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"DiNezio2013TerrRaw","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":21000,"earliestYearBP":21000,"earliestYearCE":-19050,"mostRecentYear":18000,"mostRecentYearBP":18000,"mostRecentYearCE":-16050,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Indo-Pacific Warm Pool"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Indo-Pacific Warm Pool Last Glacial Maximum Hydroclimate Proxy Synthesis","studyNotes":"Synthesis of hydroclimatic proxy records for the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool at the Last Glacial Maximum, \nindicating wet or dry hydroclimatic conditions from both marine and terrestrial proxies. terr_raw and marine_raw \ncontain the locations and hydroclimate state at the LGM from a collection of proxy records. Their \"val\" field \nindicates whether the proxy captured dry(val=-1)/unchanged(val=0)/wetter(val=1) or fresh(val=-1)/unchanged(val=0)/salty(val=1) \nclimate at the LGM. \"n_obs\" is the number of proxy techniques used to estimate LGM hydroclimate from each location. \nis_robust=1 indicates when different proxy techniques agree in their estimates of LGM hydroclimate at each location. \nis_robust also takes the value of 1 when only one proxy technique is used. \"chrono_flag=1\" indicates whether the proxy \nrecord contains one or more radiocarbon U/Th or well-constrained OSL dates near to or during the LGM. chrono_flag=0 \nindicates that the LGM was dated via wiggle-matching the local benthic d18O to a global stack or another method. \nterr_gridded and marine_gridded are the final \"gridded\" data as seen in the main text of DiNezio and Tierney (2013), \nin which proxies were averaged within a search radius of 150 km. The \"is_robust\" field of terr_gridded and marine_gridded \nindicates whether the observations merged into each \"gridded\" point agree (is_robust=1) or not (is_robust=0). \nSee DiNezio and Tierney (2013) for more details.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"12429"}