{"NOAAStudyId":"16257","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2014-03-30","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-reconstruction","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-16257.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1470,"earliestYearCE":480,"entryId":"noaa-recon-16257","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"PAGES (Past Global Changes)","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Trouet, V.; Diaz, H.F.; Wahl, E.R.; Viau, A.E.; Graham, R.; Graham, N.E.; Cook, E.R.","mostRecentYearBP":-37,"mostRecentYearCE":1987,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16257","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":null,"author":null,"citation":"PAGES 2k Consortium. 2013.\r\nContinental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia. Nature Geoscience, Vol. 6, pp. 339-346, May 2013.  www.nature.com/naturegeoscience  DOI: 10.1038/NGEO1797","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/NGEO1797","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1797"},"issue":null,"journal":"Nature Geoscience","pages":null,"pubRank":"2","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia","type":"publication","volume":null},{"abstract":"We present two reconstructions of annual average temperature over temperate North America: a tree-ring based reconstruction at decadal resolution (1200-1980 CE) and a pollen-based reconstruction at 30 year resolution that extends back to 480 CE. We maximized reconstruction length by using long but low-resolution pollen records and applied a three-tier calibration scheme for this purpose. The tree-ring-based reconstruction was calibrated against instrumental annual average temperatures on annual and decadal scale, it was then reduced to a lower resolution, and was used as a calibration target for the pollen-based reconstruction. Before the late-19th to the early-21st century, there are three prominent low-frequency periods in our extended reconstruction starting at 480 CE, notably the Dark Ages cool period (about 500-700 CE) and Little Ice Age (about 1200-1900 CE), and the warmer medieval climate anomaly (MCA; about 750-1100 CE). The 9th and the 11th century are the warmest centuries and they constitute the core of the MCA in our reconstruction, a period characterized by centennial-scale aridity in the North American West. These two warm peaks are slightly warmer than the baseline period (1904-1980), but nevertheless much cooler than temperate North American temperatures during the early-21st century.","author":{"name":"Trouet, V., H.F. Diaz, E.R. Wahl, A. Viau, R. Graham, N. Graham, and E.R. Cook"},"citation":"Trouet, V., H.F. Diaz, E.R. Wahl, A. Viau, R. Graham, N. Graham, and E.R. Cook. 2013. A 1500-Year Reconstruction of Annual Mean Temperature for Temperate North America on Decadal-to-Multidecadal Time Scales. Environmental Research Letters, 8(2), 024008. doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024008","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024008","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024008"},"issue":"2","journal":"Environmental Research Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":"024008","title":"A 1500-Year Reconstruction of Annual Mean Temperature for Temperate North America on Decadal-to-Multidecadal Time Scales","type":"publication","volume":"8"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["temperature","PAGES 2k Network","Air Temperature Reconstruction","PAGES NAmerica 2k"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"55829","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["30","55","-130","-75"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-75","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"55","southernmostLatitude":"30","westernmostLongitude":"-130"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"26273","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/trouet2013nam480pollen.txt","linkText":"PAGES North America 2k Temperature, Pollen-based 30 Year Resolution ","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"wrt 1904-1980; 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