{"NOAAStudyId":"17556","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2014-12-09","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-reconstruction","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-17556.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1150,"earliestYearCE":800,"entryId":"noaa-recon-17556","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US NOAA","fundingGrant":"Climate and Global Change Postdoctoral Fellowship"},{"fundingAgency":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","fundingGrant":"Academic Program Office"}],"investigators":"Griffin, D.; Anchukaitis, K.J.","mostRecentYearBP":-64,"mostRecentYearCE":2014,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17556","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"For the past three years (2012-2014), California has experienced the most severe drought conditions in its last century. But how unusual is this event? Here we use two paleoclimate reconstructions of drought and precipitation for Central and Southern California to place this current event in the context of the last millennium. We demonstrate that while 3-year periods of persistent below-average soil moisture are not uncommon, the current event is the most severe drought in the last 1200 years, with single year (2014) and accumulated moisture deficits worse than any previous continuous span of dry years. Tree-ring chronologies extended through the 2014 growing season reveal that precipitation during the drought has been anomalously low but not outside the range of natural variability. The current California drought is exceptionally severe in the context of at least the last millennium and is driven by reduced though not unprecedented precipitation and record high temperatures.","author":{"name":"Daniel Griffin and Kevin J. Anchukaitis"},"citation":"Daniel Griffin and Kevin J. Anchukaitis. 2014. How unusual is the 2012-2014 California drought?. Geophysical Research Letters. . doi: 10.1002/2014GL062433","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1002/2014GL062433","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062433"},"issue":null,"journal":"Geophysical Research Letters","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2014,"reportNumber":null,"title":"How unusual is the 2012-2014 California drought?","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Palmer Drought Index Reconstruction","drought","Precipitation Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56358","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["32.5","38.5","-123","-114"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-114","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"38.5","southernmostLatitude":"32.5","westernmostLongitude":"-123"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>California","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"27854","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>precipitation"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/california/griffin2015drought.txt","linkText":"California PDSI and Precipitation Reconstructions","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"from North American Drought Atlas","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate index>Palmer Drought Severity Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"from North American Drought Atlas; mean shifted and variance scaled to match observed PDSI","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"corrected","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate index>Palmer Drought Severity Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"from North American Drought Atlas; mean shifted and variance scaled to match observed PDSI","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"corrected","cvError":"one root mean square error lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate index>Palmer Drought Severity Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"from North American Drought Atlas; mean shifted and variance scaled to match observed PDSI","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"corrected","cvError":"one root mean square error upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate index>Palmer Drought Severity Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"from North American Drought Atlas; mean shifted and variance scaled to match observed PDSI","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"corrected","cvError":"two root mean square error lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate index>Palmer Drought Severity Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"from North American Drought Atlas; mean shifted and variance scaled to match observed PDSI","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"corrected","cvError":"two root mean square error upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate index>Palmer Drought Severity Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"from regional blue oak tree ring chronology","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"9-month period>Oct-Jun","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"unspecified unit","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"from regional blue oak tree ring chronology","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one root mean square error lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"9-month period>Oct-Jun","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"unspecified unit","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"from regional blue oak tree ring chronology","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one root mean square error upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"9-month period>Oct-Jun","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"unspecified unit","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"from regional blue oak tree ring chronology","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"two root mean square error lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"9-month period>Oct-Jun","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"unspecified unit","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"from regional blue oak tree ring chronology","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"two root mean square error upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"9-month period>Oct-Jun","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"unspecified unit","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"INSTRUMENTAL","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate index>Palmer Drought Severity Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"INSTRUMENTAL","cvDetail":"normalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"9-month period>Oct-Jun","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>hydroclimatic variable>hydroclimate rate>precipitation"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"regional blue oak tree ring chronology","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":"composited","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"statistical variable>proxy composite>tree ring standardized growth index"}]}],"dataTableName":"Griffin2015drought","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":800,"earliestYearBP":1150,"earliestYearCE":800,"mostRecentYear":2014,"mostRecentYearBP":-64,"mostRecentYearCE":2014,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"California Divisions 4-7"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"California 1200 Year PDSI and 700 Year Precipitation Reconstructions","studyNotes":"Tree-ring based (blue oak, Quercus douglasii) reconstructions of precipitation (1293-2014 AD) and Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) (800-2014 AD) for California State Climate Divisions 4, 5, 6, and 7 (southern 2/3 of California, roughly south of Sacramento). ","version":"1.0","xmlId":"15239"}