{"NOAAStudyId":"18515","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2015-03-20","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-reconstruction","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-18515.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":15000,"earliestYearCE":-13050,"entryId":"noaa-recon-18515","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Gajewski, K.J.","mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/18515","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Holocene temperature variations were reconstructed for the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and coastal Greenland using pollen data from 39 radiocarbon-dated lake sediment cores. Using the modern analog technique, mean July temperatures were estimated for the past 10.2 ka, and regional averages computed. In the western and central Arctic, maximum temperatures were found before 7 ka. In the eastern Canadian Arctic, north Greenland and east Greenland, maximum temperatures were found between 8 and 5 ka, and in southern Greenland after 4 ka. When combined with previously published reconstructions from boreal Canada and eastern Beringia, the Holocene climate history of this region can be divided into three parts with major transitions at 8.0 and 5.2 ka, however, the different regions had different histories.","author":{"name":"Gajewski, K."},"citation":"Gajewski, K. 2015. Quantitative reconstruction of Holocene temperatures across the Canadian Arctic and Greenland. Global and Planetary Change, 128, 14-23. doi: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.02.003","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.02.003","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.02.003"},"issue":null,"journal":"Global and Planetary Change","pages":"14-23","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2015,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Quantitative reconstruction of Holocene temperatures across the Canadian Arctic and Greenland","type":"publication","volume":"128"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Air Temperature Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56512","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["60","83","-125","-20"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-20","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"83","southernmostLatitude":"60","westernmostLongitude":"-125"}},"locationName":"Geographic 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analogue technique","cvSeasonality":"1-month period>Jul","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"First of top 3 analogue distances","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|POLLEN","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"squared chord distance","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"modern analogue technique","cvSeasonality":"1-month period>Jul","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Second of top 3 analogue distances","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|POLLEN","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"squared chord distance","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"modern analogue technique","cvSeasonality":"1-month period>Jul","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Third of top 3 analogue distances","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|POLLEN","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"squared chord distance","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"modern analogue technique","cvSeasonality":"1-month period>Jul","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"average dissimilarity","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|POLLEN","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"squared chord distance","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"modern analogue technique","cvSeasonality":"1-month period>Jul","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/gajewski2015arctic-interp.txt","linkText":"Temperature Reconstructions for Individual Pollen Sites, 200 Year Interpolations","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|POLLEN","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"regional averages interpolated to 200-year intervals","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|POLLEN","cvDetail":"interpolated","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"modern analogue technique","cvSeasonality":"1-month period>Jul","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>surface temperature"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/recons/northamerica/gajewski2015.xlsx","linkText":"Arctic, Regional, and Individual Site Temperature Reconstructions","urlDescription":"Excel Data File","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"Gajewski2015Arctic","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":15000,"earliestYearBP":15000,"earliestYearCE":-13050,"mostRecentYear":0,"mostRecentYearBP":0,"mostRecentYearCE":1950,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Canadian Arctic and Greenland"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Canadian Arctic and Greenland 15,000 Year July Temperature Reconstructions","studyNotes":"July temperatures based on pollen from lake sediments across the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and Greenland. The Modern Analogue Technique was used to estimate Tjul for 1400 pollen spectra from 39 lakes. Values were then interpolated to 200 year intervals and regional averages computed.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"16177"}