{"NOAAStudyId":"19523","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2015-11-24","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-reconstruction","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-19523.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1150,"earliestYearCE":800,"entryId":"noaa-recon-19523","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"ATM04-02474, GEO09-08971"}],"investigators":"Cook, E.R.; Krusic, P.J.; Anchukaitis, K.J.; Buckley, B.M.; Nakatsuka, T.; Sano, M.","mostRecentYearBP":-39,"mostRecentYearCE":1989,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19523","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"We develop a summer temperature reconstruction for temperate East Asia based on a network of annual tree-ring chronologies covering the period 800-1989 C.E. The East Asia reconstruction is the regional average of 585 individual grid point summer temperature reconstructions produced using an ensemble version of point-by-point regression. Statistical calibration and validation tests indicate that the regional average possesses sufficient overall skill to allow it to be used to study the causes of temperature variability and change over the region. The reconstruction suggests a moderately warm early medieval epoch (ca. 850-1050 C.E.), followed by generally cooler 'Little Ice Age' conditions (ca. 1350-1880 C.E.) and 20th century warming up to the present time. Since 1990, average temperature has exceeded past warm epochs of comparable duration, but it is not statistically unprecedented. Superposed epoch analysis reveals a volcanic forcing signal in the East Asia summer temperature reconstruction, resulting in pulses of cooler summer conditions that may persist for several years. Substantial uncertainties remain, however, particularly at lower frequencies, thus requiring caution and scientific prudence in the interpretation of this record.","author":{"name":"Edward R. Cook, Paul J. Krusic, Kevin J. Anchukaitis, Brendan M. Buckley, Takeshi Nakatsuka, Masaki Sano, PAGES Asia2k Members"},"citation":"Edward R. Cook, Paul J. Krusic, Kevin J. Anchukaitis, Brendan M. Buckley, Takeshi Nakatsuka, Masaki Sano, PAGES Asia2k Members. 2013. Tree-ring reconstructed summer temperature anomalies for temperate East Asia since 800 C.E. Climate Dynamics, 41(11-12), 2957-2972. doi: 10.1007/s00382-012-1611-x","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1007/s00382-012-1611-x","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-012-1611-x"},"issue":"11-12","journal":"Climate Dynamics","pages":"2957-2972","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Tree-ring reconstructed summer temperature anomalies for temperate East Asia since 800 C.E.","type":"publication","volume":"41"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Air Temperature Reconstruction","PAGES 2k Network","PAGES Asia 2k"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56654","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-10","54","60","148"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"148","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"54","southernmostLatitude":"-10","westernmostLongitude":"60"}},"locationName":"Continent>Asia>Eastern Asia","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"30131","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/asia2k-readme.txt","linkText":"Asia2k Gridded Temperature Reconstruction Readme File","urlDescription":"Data Description","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/asia2k-jja-temp-anom.txt","linkText":"Asia2k Gridded Temperature Reconstruction ","urlDescription":"Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree north","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>latitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree east","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>longitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"point-by-point regression","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>air temperature>surface air temperature"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air 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RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree north","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>latitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree east","cvWhat":"sampling metadata>longitude"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"point-by-point regression","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":"calibration coefficient of determination","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>air temperature>surface air temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"point-by-point regression","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":"calibration leave-one-out cross-validation reduction of error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>air temperature>surface air temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"point-by-point regression","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":"verification coefficient of determination","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>air temperature>surface air temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"point-by-point regression","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":"verification reduction of error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>air temperature>surface air temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"point-by-point regression","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":"verification coefficient of efficiency","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>air temperature>surface air temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"point-by-point regression","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":"one root mean square error","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature>air temperature>surface air temperature"}]}],"dataTableName":"Asia2k-temp","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":800,"earliestYearBP":1150,"earliestYearCE":800,"mostRecentYear":1989,"mostRecentYearBP":-39,"mostRecentYearCE":1989,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Eastern Temperate Asia"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Asia 1200 Year Gridded Summer Temperature Reconstructions","studyNotes":"Tree-ring based 1200-year gridded (2x2 degree) reconstructions of summer (June through August, JJA) temperature \tfor temperate East Asia, produced for the IGBP-PAGES Asia2k project. PAGES Asia 2k Members are Moinuddin Ahmed, Hemant Borgaonkar, Xu Chenxi, Guoqiang Chu, Zexin Fan, Narayan Gaire, Quansheng Ge, Katsuhiko Kimura, Jonathan Palmer, Tatyana Papina, Margit Schwikowski, Xuemei Shao, Feng Shi, Olga Solomina, Zafer Usama, Chenzi Xu, Koh Yasue, Masumi Zaiki, Kan Zhao, and Jingyun Zheng.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"17252"}