{"NOAAStudyId":"22031","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2017-05-29","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-reconstruction","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-22031.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1150,"earliestYearCE":800,"entryId":"noaa-recon-22031","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"National Natural Science Foundation China","fundingGrant":"41325008, 41661144008, 41520104005, 41602192"},{"fundingAgency":"Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)","fundingGrant":"NE/N006348/1, NE/P006809/1"},{"fundingAgency":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Wang, J.L.; Yang, B.; Ljungqvist, F.C.; Luterbacher, J.; Osborn, T.J.; Briffa, K.R.; Zorita, E.","mostRecentYearBP":-60,"mostRecentYearCE":2010,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/22031","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The North Atlantic experiences climate variability on multidecadal scales, which is sometimes referred to as Atlantic multidecadal variability. However, the relative contributions of external forcing such as changes in solar irradiance or volcanic activity and internal dynamics to these variations are unclear. Here we provide evidence for persistent summer Atlantic multidecadal variability from AD 800 to 2010 using a network of annually resolved terrestrial proxy records from the circum-North Atlantic region. We find that large volcanic eruptions and solar irradiance minima induce cool phases of Atlantic multidecadal variability and collectively explain about 30% of the variance in the reconstruction on timescales greater than 30 years. We are then able to isolate the internally generated component of Atlantic multidecadal variability, which we define as the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation. We find that the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation is the largest contributor to Atlantic multidecadal variability over the past 1,200 years. We also identify coherence between the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation and Northern Hemisphere temperature variations, leading us to conclude that the apparent link between Atlantic multidecadal variability and regional to hemispheric climate does not arise solely from a common response to external drivers, and may instead reflect dynamic processes.","author":{"name":"Jianglin Wang, Bao Yang, Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist, Jürg Luterbacher, Timothy J. Osborn, Keith R. Briffa, Eduardo Zorita"},"citation":"Jianglin Wang, Bao Yang, Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist, Jürg Luterbacher, Timothy J. Osborn, Keith R. Briffa, Eduardo Zorita. 2017. Internal and external forcing of multidecadal Atlantic climate variability over the past 1,200 years. Nature Geoscience. . doi: 10.1038/ngeo2962","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/ngeo2962","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2962"},"issue":null,"journal":"Nature Geoscience","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2017,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Internal and external forcing of multidecadal Atlantic climate variability over the past 1,200 years","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation Patterns Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56395","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["0","70","-80","0"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"0","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"70","southernmostLatitude":"0","westernmostLongitude":"-80"}},"locationName":"Ocean>Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"33108","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>atmospheric circulation","earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>sea surface temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/wang2017/wang2017amv-amo.txt","linkText":"Atlantic Multidecadal Variability and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation Reconstructions","urlDescription":"Formatted Text Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Variability Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"principal component analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Variability Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":"one root mean square error lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Variability Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":"one root mean square error lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"principal component analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Variability Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":"one root mean square error upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Variability Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":"one root mean square error upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"principal component analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Variability Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967; 30-year low-pass filter","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"filtered","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Variability Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967; 30-year low-pass filter","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"filtered","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"principal component analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Variability Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967; 30-year low-pass filter","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Variability Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967; 30-year low-pass filter","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"principal component analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Variability Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967; 30-year low-pass filter","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"filtered","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967; 30-year low-pass filter","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"filtered","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"principal component analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967; 30-year low-pass filter","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"regression analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation Index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"w.r.t 1856-1967; 30-year low-pass filter","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","cvDetail":"anomalized","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>multiple proxies","cvMethod":"principal component analysis","cvSeasonality":"5-month period>May-Sep","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>mode-of-variability variable>Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation Index"}]}],"dataTableName":"Wang2017AMV-AMO","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":800,"earliestYearBP":1150,"earliestYearCE":800,"mostRecentYear":2010,"mostRecentYearBP":-60,"mostRecentYearCE":2010,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"North Atlantic Ocean"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"1200 Year Atlantic Multidecadal Variability and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation Reconstructions","studyNotes":"Summer (May-September) Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) was reconstructed by applying the principal component regression method to 46 annually-resolved terrestrial proxy records from the circum-North Atlantic region.The internal variability component of Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (i.e., Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation; AMO) was estimated by empirically removing externally-forced variations at multidecadal (> 30 years) timescales. Data are reported as sea surface temperature anomalies with respect to AD 1856-1973.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"20009"}