{"NOAAStudyId":"22692","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2017-09-26","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-reconstruction","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-22692.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":850,"earliestYearCE":1100,"entryId":"noaa-recon-22692","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Swedish Research Council VR","fundingGrant":"2012-5246"}],"investigators":"Linderholm, H.W.; Björklund, J.; Seftigen, K.; Gunnarson, B.E.; Fuentes, M.","mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/22692","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Despite the spatially homogenous summer temperature pattern in Fennoscandia, there are large spreads among the many existing reconstructions, resulting in an uncertainty in the timing and amplitude of past changes. Also, there has been a general bias towards northernmost Fennoscandia. In an attempt to provide a more spatially coherent view of summer (June-August, JJA) temperature variability within the last millennium, we utilized seven density and three blue intensity Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) chronologies collected from the altitudinal (Scandinavian Mountains) and latitudinal (northernmost part) treeline. To attain a JJA temperature signal as strong as possible, as well as preserving multicentury-scale variability, we used a new tree-ring parameter, where the earlywood information is removed from the maximum density and blue intensity, and a modified signal-free standardization method. Two skilful reconstructions for the period 1100-2006 CE were made, one regional reconstruction based on an average of the chronologies, and one field (gridded) reconstruction. The new reconstructions were shown to have much improved spatial representations compared to those based on data from only northern sites, thus making it more valid for the whole region. An examination of some of the forcings of JJA mean temperatures in the region shows an association with sea-surface temperature over the eastern North Atlantic, but also the subpolar and subtropical gyres. Moreover, using Superposed Epoch Analysis, a significant cooling in the year following a volcanic eruption was noted, and for the largest explosive eruptions, the effect could remain for up to 4 years. This new improved reconstruction provides a mean to reinforce our understanding of forcings on summer temperatures in the North European sector.","author":{"name":"Hans W. Linderholm, Jesper Björklund, Kristina Seftigen, Björn E. Gunnarson, Mauricio Fuentes"},"citation":"Hans W. Linderholm, Jesper Björklund, Kristina Seftigen, Björn E. Gunnarson, Mauricio Fuentes. 2015. Fennoscandia revisited: a spatially improved tree-ring reconstruction of summer temperatures for the last 900 years. Climate Dynamics, 45(3-4), 933-947. doi: 10.1007/s00382-014-2328-9","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1007/s00382-014-2328-9","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2328-9"},"issue":"3-4","journal":"Climate Dynamics","pages":"933-947","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2015,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Fennoscandia revisited: a spatially improved tree-ring reconstruction of summer temperatures for the last 900 years","type":"publication","volume":"45"}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Air Temperature Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"53203","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["66.42","70.83","14.05","35.32"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"35.32","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"70.83","southernmostLatitude":"66.42","westernmostLongitude":"14.05"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Northern Europe>Scandanavia","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"33839","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/europe/fennoscandia2015temp.txt","linkText":"Fennoscandia Summer Temperature Reconstruction","urlDescription":"Formatted Text Data File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>ring density","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one root mean square error lower bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>ring density","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":"one root mean square error upper bound","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"reconstruction material>physical measurement>ring density","cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature"}]}],"dataTableName":"Fennoscandia2015Temp","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1100,"earliestYearBP":850,"earliestYearCE":1100,"mostRecentYear":2006,"mostRecentYearBP":-56,"mostRecentYearCE":2006,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Fennoscandia"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Fennoscandia 900 Year Summer Temperature Reconstruction","studyNotes":"Reconstruction of Fennoscandian Summer (JJA) temperature based on 10 tree-ring density and blue intensity records","version":"1.0","xmlId":"20881"}