{"NOAAStudyId":"6276","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"1999-03-17","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-reconstruction","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-6276.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":950,"earliestYearCE":1000,"entryId":"noaa-recon-6276","funding":[],"investigators":"Mann, M.E.; Bradley, R.S.; Hughes, M.K.","mostRecentYearBP":-48,"mostRecentYearCE":1998,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/6276","originalSource":null,"publication":[],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Air Temperature Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"34252","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["0","90","-180","180"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"180","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"90","southernmostLatitude":"0","westernmostLongitude":"-180"}},"locationName":"Geographic Region>Northern Hemisphere","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"38378","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/mann1999/","linkText":"Northern Hemisphere Temperature Reconstructions","urlDescription":"Data Folder","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/mann1999/readme_mann1999.txt","linkText":"Northern Hemisphere Temperature Reconstructions readme File","urlDescription":"Data Description","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/mann1999/recons/nhem-raw.dat","linkText":"Northern Hemisphere Temperature Reconstructions readme File","urlDescription":"Data Description","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"Mann1999","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1000,"earliestYearBP":950,"earliestYearCE":1000,"mostRecentYear":1998,"mostRecentYearBP":-48,"mostRecentYearCE":1998,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Northern Hemisphere"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Mann et al 1999 N.Hemisphere Temperature Reconstruction, Past Millennium","studyNotes":"Building on recent studies, we attempt hemispheric temperature \nreconstructions with proxy data networks for the past millennium. We focus \nnot just on the reconstructions, but the uncertainties therein, and \nimportant caveats. Though expanded uncertainties prevent decisive \nconclusions for the period prior to AD 1400, our results suggest that the \nlatter 20th century is anomalous in the context of at least the past \nmillennium. The 1990s was the warmest decade, and 1998 the warmest year, \nat moderately high levels of confidence. The 20th century warming counters \na millennial-scale cooling trend which is consistent with long-term \nastronomical forcing.\n\nMichael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley, and Malcolm K. Hughes, 1999,\nNorthern Hemisphere Temperatures During the Past Millennium: \nInferences, Uncertainties, and Limitations, \nGeophysical Research Letters Vol. 26 , No. 6 , p. 759, March 15, 1999.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"2688"}