{"NOAAStudyId":"9955","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2010-08-04","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-reconstruction","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-recon-9955.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":1282,"earliestYearCE":668,"entryId":"noaa-recon-9955","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Project Millennium ","fundingGrant":"017008"}],"investigators":"Lindholm, M.; Jalkanen, R.; Salminen, H.; Aalto, T.; Ogurtsov, M.","mostRecentYearBP":-57,"mostRecentYearCE":2007,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/9955","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"New data have allowed us to extend a previous height-increment chronology of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) at the northern Fennoscandian timberline 817 years backwards in time, from 1561 to 745. Our final transfer model accounts for 31% of the dependent instrumental (mean June-August) temperature variance between 1908 and 2007. According to the 1263 yr long summer temperature proxy, the most severe summers were experienced in 1601, 1790 and 782. Correspondingly, the summers of 1689, 885 and 1123 were the most favourable for growth. Two drastic shifts in temperature variability were also found. The twentieth century experienced a multidecadal change as the cold 1905-1914 period was immediately followed by a warm period from\r\n1915 to 1944. An even more prominent shift occurred in the Middle Ages, as the most severe cold spell during 1135-1164 was preceded by the warmest period only a decade earlier, during 1115-1124. The Fourier spectrum of the reconstruction shows significant concentrations of variance around 33.3, 23.3 and 11 years, and between 2.6 and 3.0 years. The wavelet spectrum was able to date several centres of fluctuating periodicities between 745 and 2007. Furthermore, daily temperature records allowed us to define the major growth forcing climatic factor in more detail than in previous response analyses. The mean temperature during a 53 day season from 14 June to 6 August produced the strongest positive growth response (r2 = 0.36).","author":{"name":"Lindholm, M., R. Jalkanen, H. Salminen, T. Aalto, and M.Ogurtsov"},"citation":"Lindholm, M., R. Jalkanen, H. Salminen, T. Aalto, and M.Ogurtsov. 2010. \r\nThe height-increment record of summer temperature extended over the last \r\nMillennium in Fennoscandia. The Holocene. DOI: 10.1177/0959683610378875","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1177/0959683610378875","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683610378875"},"issue":null,"journal":"The Holocene","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2010,"reportNumber":null,"title":"The height-increment record of summer temperature extended over the last Millennium in Fennoscandia","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"Y","scienceKeywords":["Air Temperature Reconstruction"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"31567","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["68.4667","68.5167","27.2667","27.4"],"type":"POLYGON"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"27.4","maxElevationMeters":"260","minElevationMeters":"260","northernmostLatitude":"68.5167","southernmostLatitude":"68.4667","westernmostLongitude":"27.2667"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Northern Europe>Scandanavia>Finland","mappable":"N","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"18800","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/europe/fennoscandia2010temperature.xls","linkText":"fennoscandia2010temperature.xls","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>reconstructions>air temperature"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/europe/fennoscandia2010temperature.txt","linkText":"fennoscandia2010temperature.txt","urlDescription":"Data","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"tree ring height increment","cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":"3-month period>Jun-Aug","cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"degree Celsius","cvWhat":"earth system variable>temperature variable>temperature"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS|TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"sampling metadata>number of samples"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"previous year position (1-year lag)","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":"composited","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"statistical variable>proxy composite>tree ring standardized growth index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":"composited","cvError":"one standard deviation","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":null,"cvWhat":"statistical variable>proxy composite>tree ring standardized growth index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":"composited","cvError":"average correlation coefficient","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"dimensionless","cvWhat":"statistical variable>proxy composite>tree ring standardized growth index"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":"composited","cvError":"expressed population signal","cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"percent","cvWhat":"statistical variable>proxy composite>tree ring standardized growth index"}]}],"dataTableName":"LAA001","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":668,"earliestYearBP":1282,"earliestYearCE":668,"mostRecentYear":2007,"mostRecentYearBP":-57,"mostRecentYearCE":2007,"species":[],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Laanila"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Fennoscandia 1250 Year Height Increment Summer Temperature Reconstruction ","studyNotes":"1250 year reconstruction of June - August temperature from height \nincrement of Scots pine at the northern timberline in Fennoscandia. \nAnnual height increments of 60 living Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)\ntrees from the northern timberline were measured. Data collection,\npreparation and measurement were carried out according to the\nguidelines of Aalto and Jalkanen (1998). The Laanila site is \nlocated at 68°28' - 68°31'N, 27°16' - 27°24'E, 220-310 m a.s.l., \nNorth Finland, about 80 km south of the pine tree line.  \nThe Sodankylä meteorological station is located c. 140 km \nfrom the sampling site and provides a climate record from \n1908 to present.\n\nHeight-increment chronology was built from samples from 152 trees. \nIndexing by 33% splines. A 1-year lag is built into the data table, \nbecause current height growth responds strongly to temperature \nof the previous summer. Mean June - August temperature at Sodankylä \nmeteorological station was used in simple linear regression models. \n\nFinal model: y = 9,4615 + 3,1389 x \n\nCalibration and verification statistics:\nCalibration period:     1908 – 2007 (100 years)\nEarly period:           1908 – 1957 (50 years)\nLate period:            1958 – 2007 (50 years)\n\nRE = Reduction of error\nCE = Coefficient of efficiency\n\n     Early-calibration     Late-calibration       Whole period\n    (late-verification)   (early-verification) \nR2         0.28                 0.35                 0.31    \nRE         0.33                 0.219 \nCE         0.32                 0.217 \n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"8848"}