{"NOAAStudyId":"15365","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2013-05-16","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"TREE RING","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/tree-ring","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-tree-15365.xml","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/jmg5-5w15","earliestYearBP":41,"earliestYearCE":1909,"entryId":"noaa-tree-15365","funding":[],"investigators":"Voelker, S.L.","mostRecentYearBP":-58,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/15365","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Paleoclimate proxies based on the measurement of xylem cell anatomy have rarely been developed across the temperature range of a species or applied to wood predating the most recent millennium. Here we describe wood anatomy-based proxies for spring temperatures in central North America from modern bur oaks (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.). The strong coherence of temperature signals across the species range supports the use of these proxies across thousands of years of climatic change. We also used 79 subfossil oak log cross sections from northern Missouri, 14C-dated to 9.9 - 3.63 ka (ka is 1000 cal yr BP), to assess the frequency of oak deposition into alluvial sediments and a subset of these oaks for a wood anatomy-based reconstruction of spring paleotemperatures. Temperatures during the Younger Dryas cold period (YD) were up to 3.5°C lower than modern temperatures for that region, equivalent to or lower than those experienced at the northern edge of the modern species range. Compared to extant oaks growing at much higher [CO2], subfossil oaks had greater vessel frequencies. Besides very low theoretical (or estimated) xylem conductivity near the beginning of the oak record near 13.6 ka, vessel frequencies greater than modern trees compensated for reduced vessel dimensions so that theoretical xylem conductivity was consistently above that of modern trees at the cold northern sites. Significant correlations were found between the frequency of 14C-dated oaks and either d18O from the NGRIP (North Greenland Ice Core Project) ice core or from the Cariaco grayscale marine-sediment record from the southern Caribbean sea. Oak deposition into alluvial sediments during the YD was significantly lower than expected given the average sample depth of oaks from 9.9 to 13.6 ka. Reduced oak deposition during the YD suggests that an abrupt shift in climate reduced oak populations across the region and/or changed the rates of channel movement across drainages.\r\n","author":null,"citation":"Voelker, Steven L., Paul-Emile Noirot-Cosson, Michael C. Stambaugh, Erin R. McMurry, \r\nFrederick C. Meinzer, Barbara Lachenbruch, and Richard P. Guyette. 2012. \r\nSpring temperature responses of oaks are synchronous with \r\nNorth Atlantic conditions during the last deglaciation. \r\nEcological Monographs, Vol. 82, Issue 2, pp.169-187.\r\nDOI:10.1890/11-0848.1","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1890/11-0848.1","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/11-0848.1"},"issue":null,"journal":"Ecological Monographs","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2012,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Spring temperature responses of oaks are synchronous with  North Atlantic conditions during the last deglaciation","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["burr oak","Quercus macrocarpa Michx.","QUMA"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"55710","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["46.7","-91.6"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-91.6","maxElevationMeters":"200","minElevationMeters":"200","northernmostLatitude":"46.7","southernmostLatitude":"46.7","westernmostLongitude":"-91.6"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>Wisconsin","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"25350","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>tree-ring>width>ring width"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/correlation-stats/wi010.txt","linkText":"wi010.txt","urlDescription":"Correlation Stats","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>tree-ring>width>ring width"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/usa/wi010.rwl","linkText":"wi010.rwl","urlDescription":"Raw Measurements","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>tree-ring>width>ring width"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/usa/wi010-noaa.rwl","linkText":"wi010-noaa.rwl","urlDescription":"Raw Measurements - NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"age_CE","cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR010; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR010_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR020; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR020_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR030; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR030_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR031; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR031_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR040; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR040_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR051; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR051_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR060; 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units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR121_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR131; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR131_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR140; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR140_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR151; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR151_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR160; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR160_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR171; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR171_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR181; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR181_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: BR191; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"BR191_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"}]}],"dataTableName":"WI010","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":1909,"earliestYearBP":41,"earliestYearCE":1909,"mostRecentYear":2008,"mostRecentYearBP":-58,"mostRecentYearCE":2008,"species":[{"commonName":["burr oak"],"scientificName":"Quercus macrocarpa Michx.","speciesCode":"QUMA"}],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Brule River"}],"studyCode":"WI010","studyName":"Voelker - Brule River - QUMA - ITRDB WI010","studyNotes":"Cores Stored at:\n# Oregon State University\n# \n# These cores were taken to measure growth rates, wood anatomy and stable \n# isotope measurements from dominant and co-dominant trees across tree \n# ages. Two cores were taken for each tree but in most cases only one \n# was measured for ring-widths. The other was destructively sampled for \n# stable isotope measurements. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"13148"}