{"NOAAStudyId":"15367","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2013-09-04","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"TREE RING","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/tree-ring","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-tree-15367.xml","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/s6es-3h96","earliestYearBP":312,"earliestYearCE":1638,"entryId":"noaa-tree-15367","funding":[],"investigators":"Stambaugh, M.C.; Guyette, R.P.; Marschall, J.M.","mostRecentYearBP":79,"mostRecentYearCE":1871,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/15367","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":null,"author":null,"citation":"Richard P. Guyette, Michael C. Stambaugh, Daniel C. Dey,\r\nand Rose-Marie Muzika. 2012. Predicting ecosystem fire using the physical chemistry of climate. Ecosystems, Vol. 15, pp. 322-335. DOI: 10.1007/s10021-011-9512-0","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1007/s10021-011-9512-0","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9512-0"},"issue":null,"journal":"Ecosystems","pages":null,"pubRank":"2","pubYear":2012,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Predicting ecosystem fire using the physical chemistry of climate","type":"publication","volume":null},{"abstract":"Land managers developing fire management plans in the eastern and southern United States lack quantitative information on historic fire regimes. Twelve new fire histories were developed from dated fire scars on trees from regions where no fire scar history data had existed before in the states of Alabama, Louisiana, Kentucky, Iowa, Wisconsin, and Michigan. Sites represent highly variable climates from extreme cold (with long snow cover duration) to subtropical. All sites utilized oak or pine recorder species that were collected from closed forest to open savanna structures. Pre-industrial mean fire intervals ranged from 3 to more than 35 years at sites that typically encompassed less than 2 km2 in area. The most frequent fire regime was found in Louisiana‟s Kisatchie National Forest (MFI = 3 yrs) while the longest fire intervals were at inland sites near the shore of Lake Superior (MFI > 35 yrs) some 1900 kilometers to the north. The subtropical site in Louisiana is perhaps the only site in the U.S. where fires are documented to have occurred more than once a year. The history of fire at sites in Wisconsin, Louisiana, and Michigan showed distinct temporal progressions in changes in fire frequency that we attributed to changing human population. Sites in Wisconsin showed potential for very large fires associated with drought years. Fire history data analyses and summaries were presented at multiple venues (workshops, conferences) and have been published in scientific journals and reports to regional land managers. Fire history data has also been made publicly available through the International Multiproxy Paleofire Databank (IMPD).\r\nNew fire history data from this project combined with previously collected fire history data from the Missouri Tree-Ring Laboratory and published fire histories in North America were used to parameterize and calibrate a continental fire frequency model based on climate. The most important contribution of this model is towards understanding climate forcing of fire regimes across the continental U.S. We have developed a suite of climate-based fire frequency models for the continental U.S. that show to be highly robust. Models and calibrations were validated with empirical fire history data during pre-industrial periods so to minimize non-climate influences associated with U.S. settlement (land conversion, changing cultures). Fire frequency models follow theoretical concepts from physical chemistry, utilize spatially-explicit fire and climate data, and were parameterized and validated using statistical methods. Data from fire history studies were accumulated from 37 states and include data based on fire scars (n = 168), expert estimates (n = 7) and charcoal (n = 3). Historic mean fire interval (MFI) models were parameterized using mean maximum temperature, precipitation, their interaction, and estimated population density (anthropogenic ignitions). Models are being used to: assess the role of climate in forcing fire frequency, map coarse-scale historic fire frequency for the continental U.S., and assess departures in fire regimes and smoke emissions.","author":null,"citation":"Guyette, R.P., M.C. Stambaugh, and J.M. Marschall. 2010. \r\nDeveloping and using fire scar histories in the southern and eastern United States. \r\nFinal Report to the Joint Fire Science Program. 46 pp.","edition":null,"identifier":null,"issue":null,"journal":"Joint Fire Science Program","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2010,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Developing and using fire scar histories in the southern and eastern United States","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["PIRE","red pine","Pinus resinosa Aiton"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"55712","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["45.35","-88.4333"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-88.4333","maxElevationMeters":"387","minElevationMeters":"387","northernmostLatitude":"45.35","southernmostLatitude":"45.35","westernmostLongitude":"-88.4333"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>United States Of America>Wisconsin","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"25352","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>tree-ring>width>ring width"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/correlation-stats/wi012.txt","linkText":"wi012.txt","urlDescription":"Correlation Stats","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>tree-ring>width>ring width"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/usa/wi012.rwl","linkText":"wi012.rwl","urlDescription":"Raw Measurements","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>tree-ring>width>ring width"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/usa/wi012-noaa.rwl","linkText":"wi012-noaa.rwl","urlDescription":"Raw Measurements - NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"age_CE","cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: WBE011; 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