{"NOAAStudyId":"16652","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2014-05-08","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"TREE RING","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/tree-ring","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-tree-16652.xml","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/hycy-fk62","earliestYearBP":4170,"earliestYearCE":-2220,"entryId":"noaa-tree-16652","funding":[],"investigators":"Kuniholm, P.I.; Newton, M.; Griggs, C.; Manning, S.W.","mostRecentYearBP":4020,"mostRecentYearCE":-2070,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16652","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Cedar (Cedrus sp.) wood from two archaeological contexts in Egypt - (i) the First Intermediate Period coffin of Ipi-ha-ishutef, (ii) a funerary boat at the pyramid of Middle Kingdom king Senusret (or Sesostris or Senwosret) III - form floating tree-ring sequences. Since one of the sample sets had been mounted with Elmer's glue products in core-mounts for dendrochronological examination, we investigate whether pretreatment can remove this potential contaminant before 14C dating. We find that even in (unrealistic) cases of extensive glue contamination this can be largely/successfully removed - making it likely that the samples in this study, where, moreover, only wood samples without traces of glue were employed, can provide accurate 14C dates. Dendro-14C-wiggle-matching was then employed to provide precise calendar dates for the two tree-ring sequences. The last extant ring of the Ipi-ha-ishutef coffin lies ca. 2081-2064 BC (95.4% probability), supporting, but refining, its assumed date. In the case of the Senusret III boat, we find a temporary, small, but important offset within the period ca. 2200-1900 BC in contemporary 14C ages between the Levant and central and northern Europe. It is suggested this is likely a result of exaggeration of normal seasonal variations in the uptake of 14C and its latitudinal distribution caused by climate change in the 2200-1900 BC/4200-3900 Cal BP (y2k) interval. A date for the last extant ring of the Senusret III boat is probably around 1898/95-1879/76 BC (95.4% probability) - more consistent with a high Middle Kingdom Egyptian chronology.","author":{"name":"Sturt W. Manning, Michael W. Dee, Eva M. Wild, Christopher Bronk Ramsey, Kathryn Bandy, \r\nPearce Paul Creasman, Carol B. Griggs, Charlotte L. Pearson, Andrew J. Shortland, Peter Steier"},"citation":"Sturt W. Manning, Michael W. Dee, Eva M. Wild, Christopher Bronk Ramsey, Kathryn Bandy, \r\nPearce Paul Creasman, Carol B. Griggs, Charlotte L. Pearson, Andrew J. Shortland, Peter Steier. 2014. High-precision dendro-14C dating of two cedar wood sequences from First Intermediate Period and Middle Kingdom Egypt and a small regional climate-related 14C divergence. Journal of Archaeological Science, 46, 401-416. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2014.03.003","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.jas.2014.03.003","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2014.03.003"},"issue":null,"journal":"Journal of Archaeological Science","pages":"401-416","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2014,"reportNumber":null,"title":"High-precision dendro-14C dating of two cedar wood sequences from First Intermediate Period and Middle Kingdom Egypt and a small regional climate-related 14C divergence","type":"publication","volume":"46"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Cedrus libani A. Rich.","Cedar of Lebanon","CDLI"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"56012","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["29.8667","31.2167"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"31.2167","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"29.8667","southernmostLatitude":"29.8667","westernmostLongitude":"31.2167"}},"locationName":"Continent>Africa>Northern Africa>Egypt","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"26830","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>tree-ring>width>ring width"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/correlation-stats/egy002.txt","linkText":"egy002.txt","urlDescription":"Correlation Stats","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>tree-ring>width>ring width"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/africa/egy002.rwl","linkText":"egy002.rwl","urlDescription":"Raw Measurements","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>tree-ring>width>ring width"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/africa/egy002-noaa.rwl","linkText":"egy002-noaa.rwl","urlDescription":"Raw Measurements - NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"age_CE","cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: 102050; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"102050_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: 102040; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"102040_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: 102030; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"102030_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: 102080; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"102080_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: 102060; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"102060_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: 102070; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"102070_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: 102110; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"102110_raw","cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"}]}],"dataTableName":"EGY002","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":-2220,"earliestYearBP":4170,"earliestYearCE":-2220,"mostRecentYear":-2070,"mostRecentYearBP":4020,"mostRecentYearCE":-2070,"species":[{"commonName":["Cedar of Lebanon"],"scientificName":"Cedrus libani A. Rich.","speciesCode":"CDLI"}],"timeUnit":"AD"}],"siteName":"Ipi-ha-ishutef Coffin"}],"studyCode":"EGY002","studyName":"Kuniholm - Ipi-ha-ishutef Coffin - CDLI - ITRDB EGY002","studyNotes":"Purpose of Collection:\n# Archaeology\n# \n# Cores are stored at:\n# Laboratory of Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona\n# \n# Notes:\n# Ipi-ha-ishutef Coffin from near Saqqara, Egypt, currently in the collection \n# of the Oriental Institute, Chicago, OIM 12072. \n# Details on the coffin can be found at:\n# https://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/MUS/HIGH/OIM_12072.html \n# Source unknown, relative dating (~2220 - ~2070BC). Crossdated raw tree-ring measurement data \n# then employed as basis for a 14C-wiggle-match dating of the Ipi-ha-ishutef Coffin, \n# see Manning et al. 2014 publication.  NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-05-01.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"14359"}