{"NOAAStudyId":"21591","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2017-03-09","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"TREE RING","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/tree-ring","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-tree-21591.xml","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25921/7mh4-hm07","earliestYearBP":100,"earliestYearCE":1850,"entryId":"noaa-tree-21591","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Australian Research Council  ","fundingGrant":"FL100100195, FT120100004, DE130101336, DP130104156"}],"investigators":"Palmer, J.G.; Fenwick, P.; Turney, C.S.M.","mostRecentYearBP":-63,"mostRecentYearCE":2013,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21591","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Occupying about 14% of the world's surface, the Southern Ocean plays a fundamental role in ocean and atmosphere circulation, carbon cycling and Antarctic ice-sheet dynamics. Unfortunately, high interannual variability and a dearth of instrumental observations before the 1950s limits our understanding of how marine-atmosphere-ice domains interact on multi-decadal timescales and the impact of anthropogenic forcing. Here we integrate climate-sensitive tree growth with ocean and atmospheric observations on southwest Pacific subantarctic islands that lie at the boundary of polar and subtropical climates (52-54S). Our annually resolved temperature reconstruction captures regional change since the 1870s and demonstrates a significant increase in variability from the 1940s, a phenomenon predating the observational record. Climate reanalysis and modelling show a parallel change in tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures that generate an atmospheric Rossby wave train which propagates across a large part of the Southern Hemisphere during the austral spring and summer. Our results suggest that modern observed high interannual variability was established across the mid-twentieth century, and that the influence of contemporary equatorial Pacific temperatures may now be a permanent feature across the mid- to high latitudes.","author":{"name":"Chris S.M. Turney, Christopher J. Fogwill, Jonathan G. Palmer, Erik van Sebille, Zoe Thomas, Matt McGlone, Sarah Richardson, Janet M. Wilmshurst, Pavla Fenwick, Violette Zunz, Hugues Goosse, Kerry-Jayne Wilson, Lionel Carter, Mathew Lipson, Richard T. Jones, Melanie Harsch, Graeme Clark, Ezequiel Marzinelli, Tracey Rogers, Eleanor Rainsley, Laura Ciasto, Stephanie Waterman, Elizabeth R. Thomas, and Martin Visbeck "},"citation":"Chris S.M. Turney, Christopher J. Fogwill, Jonathan G. Palmer, Erik van Sebille, Zoe Thomas, Matt McGlone, Sarah Richardson, Janet M. Wilmshurst, Pavla Fenwick, Violette Zunz, Hugues Goosse, Kerry-Jayne Wilson, Lionel Carter, Mathew Lipson, Richard T. Jones, Melanie Harsch, Graeme Clark, Ezequiel Marzinelli, Tracey Rogers, Eleanor Rainsley, Laura Ciasto, Stephanie Waterman, Elizabeth R. Thomas, and Martin Visbeck. 2017. Tropical forcing of increased Southern Ocean climate variability revealed by a 140-year subantarctic temperate reconstruction. Climate of the Past, 13, 231-248. doi: 10.5194/cp-13-231-2017","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.5194/cp-13-231-2017","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-231-2017"},"issue":null,"journal":"Climate of the Past","pages":"231-248","pubRank":"1","pubYear":2017,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Tropical forcing of increased Southern Ocean climate variability revealed by a 140-year subantarctic temperate reconstruction","type":"publication","volume":"13"}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["DRLO","Inaka","Dracophyllum longifolium R.Br. ex Roem. & Schult."],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"57056","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-52.566","169.15"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"169.15","maxElevationMeters":"10","minElevationMeters":"10","northernmostLatitude":"-52.566","southernmostLatitude":"-52.566","westernmostLongitude":"169.15"}},"locationName":"Continent>Australia/New Zealand>New Zealand","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"32525","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>tree-ring>width>ring width"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/correlation-stats/newz117.txt","linkText":"newz117.txt","urlDescription":"Correlation Stats","variables":[]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>tree-ring>width>ring width"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/australia/newz117.rwl","linkText":"newz117.rwl","urlDescription":"Raw Measurements","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999","cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"physical property>length>total ring width"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>tree-ring>width>ring width"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/australia/newz117-noaa.rwl","linkText":"newz117-noaa.rwl","urlDescription":"Raw Measurements - NOAA Template File","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"TREE RING","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":"age_CE","cvUnit":"year Common Era","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Tree ID: SE01; 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NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-01.","version":"1.0","xmlId":"19570"}