# Weinan, China 140KYr Loess Physical Properties Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:15109 # # Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/loess/china/kang2013weinan-ms-gs.txt # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Loess #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2013-09-25 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Weinan, China 140KYr Loess Physical Properties Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Kang, S.; Wang, X.; Lu, Y. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Physical properties data (magnetic susceptibility, mean grain size, carbonate content, bulk density) # from the Weinan section (34°25'38.8"N, 109°34'37.4"E, elevation 660 m a.s.l.) in the central part of a 'Yuan' # (stable loess tableland) at the southeastern margin of the Chinese Loess Plateau. # # A 14-m pit along the outcrop, recently made by a brickyard, was excavated at the Weinan section. Powder samples # were collected at 2-cm intervals above the depth of 14.3 m for magnetic susceptibility and grain size analyses. # Luminescence samples were taken at 10-cm intervals above the depth of 1.4 m and at 20-cm intervals for the remainder. # A total of 76 luminescence samples were obtained for OSL and ReOSL dating, and all OSL and ReOSL dates except those # from the uppermost three samples were used for chronology construction using a five-point FFT smoothing method. # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Shugang Kang, Xulong Wang, Yanchou Lu # Published_Date_or_Year: 2013-10-01 # Published_Title: Quartz OSL chronology and dust accumulation rate changes since the Last Glacial at Weinan on the southeastern Chinese Loess Plateau # Journal_Name: Boreas # Volume: 42 # Edition: # Issue: 4 # Pages: 815-829 # DOI: 10.1111/bor.12005 # Online_Resource: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bor.12005/abstract # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The fine-grained (4-11 um) quartz Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating technique was applied to the Weinan section on the southeastern Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) with a high luminescence sampling resolution (10- and 20-cm intervals). Fifty-eight OSL ages, spanning c. 1-74 ka, were obtained for the 10-m loess-palaeosol sequences. The reliability of the OSL dating and the constructed chronology was confirmed by comparing the OSL ages with independent dates from other studies and by correlation with palaeoclimatic time series. The closely spaced OSL ages at Weinan indicate that the mean dust accumulation rate (DAR) of L1-1 (MIS 2, 7.0±0.9 cm ka-1) is lower than those of L1-3 (MIS 4, 19.1±6.1 cm ka-1) and L1-2 (MIS 3, 16.0±0.7 cm ka-1) and that the mean DAR c. 30-20 ka ago (11.4±2.4 cm ka-1) is higher than that c. 20-10 ka ago (3.0±0.1 cm ka-1) in L1-1. The subsequent calculation of the mass accumulation rate (MAR) indicates that the MAR of L1-1 (107 g m-2 a-1) is much lower than those of L1-2 (247 g m-2 a-1) and L1-3 (307 g m-2 a-1). By comparing the mean DAR results during the Last Glacial at Weinan with those at a further six sites from other studies, we observed that the mean DAR of L1-2 is higher (lower) than that of L1-1 on the eastern (western) CLP, and that the mean DAR during MIS 2 has an evident transition from high to low at c. 20 ka on the entire CLP. Possible mechanisms for the above mean DAR changes at orbital and sub-orbital time scales are presented. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Shugang Kang, Yanchou Lu, Xulong Wang # Published_Date_or_Year: 2011-10-01 # Published_Title: Closely-spaced recuperated OSL dating of the last interglacial paleosol in the southeastern margin of the Chinese Loess Plateau # Journal_Name: Quaternary Geochronology # Volume: 6 # Edition: # Issue: 5 # Pages: 480-490 # DOI: 10.1016/j.quageo.2011.04.004 # Online_Resource: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871101411000240 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The objective of this study is to construct a numerically dated chronology of the last interglacial paleosol (S1) in Chinese loess using luminescence dating. The recuperated optically stimulated luminescence (ReOSL) dating approach was applied to 18 closely-spaced (20 cm intervals) samples, with 15 of these collected from the S1 unit at the Weinan site, which is located at the southeastern margin of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). By using the multiple-aliquot regenerative-dose (MAR) approach, 18 fine-grained quartz ReOSL equivalent dose (DE) values, spanning about 249-466 Gy, were obtained. The validity of ReOSL MAR protocol was checked by dose recovery measurements and recycling ratio tests. By comparison of the dose-response curves of all the samples, we found that it is feasible to construct a standardized growth curve (SGC) for the ReOSL signal at the Weinan site. Considering the effects of pedogenesis of the S1 unit during formation, the dose rate during the last interglacial was corrected, which should be beneficial for constructing a more reliable chronology. Finally, a detailed chronology of the S1 unit was established. The results show that S1 was deposited between approximately 76-127 ka, which confirms the early suggestion that the S1 unit in Chinese loess corresponds to the whole marine oxygen-isotope stage (MIS) 5. The detailed ReOSL chronology of S1 indicates the consistency of the substrata of S1 with MIS 5a-e, but cannot determine whether they are exactly coeval. According to the present ReOSL age results, it is suggested that dust deposition is continuous at timescales larger than 14.1 ± 11.8 ky during the last interglacial and there is no hiatus longer than 4.4 ± 13.0 ky at the L2/S1 transition. Further work, e.g. minimizing the errors on ages and reducing the luminescence sampling intervals, is needed to understand the more detailed dust deposition conditions during the last interglacial in Chinese loess. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Natural Science Foundation of China # Grant: 41102116, 40972124 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Chinese Academy of Sciences # Grant: KZZD-EW-04-06-03, XDA05120402, West Light Foundation #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology # Grant: IEECAS (ZYSQ0807) #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Weinan # Location: Asia>Eastern Asia>China # Country: China # Northernmost_Latitude: 34.4274 # Southernmost_Latitude: 34.4274 # Easternmost_Longitude: 109.5771 # Westernmost_Longitude: 109.5771 # Elevation: 660 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Kang2013WeinanMS-GS # Earliest_Year: 144900 # Most_Recent_Year: 4000 # Time_Unit: Calendar Years Before Present # Core_Length: 14.28 m # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology: # # # Kang et al. 2011, 2013 Weinan OSL and ReOSL Ages Data # # Due to the possible anthropogenic disturbances for samples WN0, WN10 and WN20, the OSL ages of these samples # were excluded for the chronology construction. The rest 73 OSL and ReOSL dates were used for chronology construction # using a five-point FFT smoothing method. # # Samples from 1360-1020 and 1000-0 cm were measured using the fine-grained quartz ReOSL and OSL dating approaches, respectively. # Dose rates and ages for samples from 1360-1060 cm were corrected for pedogenesis effect. # # Column 1: Sample No. # Column 2: Depth (cm) # Column 3: U (ppm) # Column 4: Th (ppm) # Column 5: K (%) # Column 6: Water Content (%) # Column 7: Dose Rate (Gy/ka) (Corrected for the lower 16 samples) # Column 8: Dose (Gy) # Column 9: Age (ka) (Corrected for the lower 16 samples) # # # Sample No. Depth (cm) U (ppm) Th (ppm) K (%) Water Content (%) Dose rate (Gy/ka) Dose (Gy) Age (ka) # WN0 0 2.75±0.15 11.99±0.26 1.97±0.02 19±5 3.51±0.18 2.7±0.1 0.8±0.0 # WN10 10 2.42±0.13 12.25±0.27 1.97±0.02 19±5 3.75±0.18 2.5±0.1 0.7±0.0 # WN20 20 2.65±0.13 12.77±0.28 2.01±0.02 19±5 3.89±0.19 2.5±0.0 0.6±0.0 # WN30 30 2.46±0.14 13.18±0.29 2.04±0.02 20±5 3.82±0.18 11.0±0.2 2.9±0.1 # WN40 40 2.19±0.13 12.72±0.28 2.10±0.02 21±5 3.72±0.18 20.5±0.2 5.5±0.3 # WN50 50 2.71±0.15 13.89±0.31 2.12±0.02 22±5 3.92±0.19 30.9±0.3 7.9±0.4 # WN60 60 2.55±0.15 13.37±0.29 2.13±0.02 22±5 3.88±0.19 35.5±0.3 9.1±0.4 # WN70 70 2.29±0.13 12.16±0.27 2.11±0.02 22±5 3.61±0.17 36.4±0.8 10.1±0.5 # WN80 80 2.36±0.14 11.79±0.26 2.09±0.02 22±5 3.65±0.17 35.7±0.9 9.8±0.5 # WN90 90 2.57±0.15 12.97±0.29 2.11±0.02 22±5 3.81±0.18 35.5±0.7 9.3±0.5 # WN100 100 2.63±0.14 12.60±0.28 2.12±0.02 20±5 3.82±0.18 35.0±0.3 9.2±0.4 # WN110 110 2.29±0.14 11.66±0.26 1.92±0.02 20±5 3.52±0.17 36.2±0.5 10.3±0.5 # WN120 120 2.48±0.13 10.53±0.23 1.83±0.02 18±5 3.47±0.17 48.9±1.4 14.1±0.8 # WN130 130 2.26±0.12 10.58±0.23 1.81±0.02 18±5 3.37±0.17 56.9±0.5 16.9±0.8 # WN140 140 2.18±0.13 10.45±0.23 1.83±0.02 17±5 3.38±0.17 69.2±0.9 20.5±1.1 # WN160 160 2.36±0.12 11.14±0.25 1.81±0.02 17±5 3.48±0.17 79.0±1.2 22.7±1.2 # WN180 180 2.31±0.15 10.68±0.23 1.81±0.02 17±5 3.39±0.17 73.0±1.0 21.5±1.1 # WN200 200 2.54±0.14 10.67±0.23 1.79±0.02 16±5 3.51±0.18 88.4±1.1 25.2±1.3 # WN220 220 2.52±0.14 11.09±0.24 1.82±0.02 17±5 3.52±0.18 90.1±1.1 25.6±1.3 # WN240 240 2.30±0.13 11.01±0.24 1.85±0.02 16±5 3.51±0.18 106.3±1.4 30.3±1.6 # WN260 260 2.55±0.16 11.26±0.25 1.88±0.02 16±5 3.62±0.19 110.3±1.0 30.5±1.6 # WN280 280 2.33±0.13 11.28±0.25 1.92±0.02 16±5 3.59±0.18 114.2±3.3 31.8±1.8 # WN300 300 2.09±0.13 11.23±0.25 1.95±0.02 16±5 3.56±0.18 121.6±1.2 34.2±1.8 # WN320 320 2.52±0.14 11.84±0.26 1.97±0.02 17±5 3.70±0.19 124.1±1.5 33.5±1.7 # WN340 340 2.46±0.15 11.13±0.24 1.98±0.02 17±5 3.65±0.19 131.0±3.2 35.9±2.0 # WN360 360 2.36±0.14 11.63±0.26 1.99±0.02 18±5 3.62±0.18 134.7±2.1 37.3±2.0 # WN380 380 2.36±0.13 11.25±0.25 1.99±0.02 18±5 3.60±0.18 134.9±1.0 37.5±1.9 # WN400 400 2.35±0.13 11.18±0.25 2.00±0.02 18±5 3.56±0.18 142.1±1.0 39.9±2.0 # WN420 420 2.17±0.13 10.73±0.24 2.03±0.02 18±5 3.52±0.18 140.7±3.6 40.0±2.2 # WN440 440 2.28±0.15 12.24±0.26 2.05±0.02 19±5 3.65±0.18 160.2±4.5 43.9±2.5 # WN460 460 2.38±0.15 11.75±0.26 2.05±0.02 19±5 3.62±0.18 164.6±5.8 45.5±2.8 # WN480 480 2.51±0.15 12.09±0.27 2.05±0.02 19±5 3.69±0.18 173.7±7.0 47.1±3.0 # WN500 500 2.23±0.13 11.09±0.24 2.02±0.02 19±5 3.50±0.17 165.0±5.7 47.1±2.9 # WN520 520 2.55±0.14 11.57±0.25 2.03±0.02 18±5 3.69±0.19 171.1±7.0 46.3±3.0 # WN540 540 2.51±0.15 12.37±0.27 2.02±0.02 17±5 3.77±0.19 165.5±2.6 43.9±2.3 # WN560 560 2.64±0.14 12.32±0.26 2.01±0.02 18±5 3.73±0.19 169.9±1.4 45.5±2.3 # WN580 580 2.38±0.14 12.24±0.27 1.99±0.02 19±5 3.60±0.18 181.3±3.7 50.4±2.7 # WN600 600 2.61±0.14 12.25±0.26 1.97±0.02 19±5 3.67±0.18 170.3±3.5 46.5±2.5 # WN620 620 2.94±0.15 12.66±0.28 1.97±0.02 19±5 3.79±0.19 195.8±5.2 51.6±2.9 # WN640 640 2.81±0.15 12.73±0.28 1.87±0.02 19±5 3.69±0.19 199.2±4.0 54.1±2.9 # WN660 660 2.88±0.14 11.09±0.24 1.88±0.02 18±5 3.59±0.18 204.6±4.2 57.0±3.1 # WN680 680 2.70±0.14 13.31±0.28 1.96±0.02 18±5 3.82±0.19 217.9±4.5 57.0±3.1 # WN700 700 2.60±0.15 12.59±0.26 1.94±0.02 19±5 3.65±0.18 222.1±4.7 60.9±3.3 # WN720 720 2.79±0.17 12.42±0.27 1.97±0.02 16±5 3.85±0.20 222.8±5.7 57.8±3.4 # WN740 740 2.89±0.16 12.06±0.27 1.93±0.02 18±5 3.72±0.19 210.7±2.8 56.7±3.0 # WN760 760 3.19±0.16 11.68±0.26 1.83±0.02 20±5 3.62±0.18 224.1±4.5 61.9±3.4 # WN780 780 2.91±0.15 12.05±0.27 1.88±0.02 19±5 3.64±0.18 239.0±3.1 65.7±3.4 # WN800 800 3.05±0.14 11.11±0.24 1.73±0.02 22±5 3.40±0.17 236.8±2.8 69.8±3.5 # WN820 820 2.90±0.15 10.29±0.23 1.75±0.02 21±5 3.28±0.16 229.8±2.2 70.1±3.5 # WN840 840 3.10±0.15 10.69±0.24 1.75±0.02 20±5 3.42±0.17 251.1±4.1 73.5±3.9 # WN860 860 3.02±0.15 11.63±0.26 1.87±0.02 22±5 3.54±0.18 259.1±3.2 73.2±3.7 # WN880 880 2.89±0.18 12.47±0.27 1.92±0.02 21±5 3.62±0.18 255.1±4.4 70.4±3.8 # WN900 900 3.14±0.19 11.76±0.26 1.86±0.02 22±5 3.61±0.18 272.7±3.8 75.5±4.0 # WN920 920 3.54±0.18 11.46±0.25 1.86±0.02 23±5 3.61±0.18 273.5±5.4 75.7±4.0 # WN940 940 3.23±0.16 12.45±0.26 1.89±0.02 24±5 3.54±0.17 246.5±3.2 69.6±3.5 # WN960 960 3.54±0.17 13.00±0.27 1.91±0.02 26±5 3.70±0.18 267.4±9.8 72.2±4.4 # WN980 980 3.47±0.18 13.04±0.29 1.93±0.02 25±5 3.73±0.18 276.5±4.7 74.0±3.8 # WN1000 1000 2.91±0.15 12.78±0.27 1.97±0.02 23±5 3.61±0.18 267.7±3.0 74.2±3.7 # WN1020 1020 3.07±0.15 11.25±0.25 1.75±0.02 24±5 3.35±0.16 249.2±6.5 74.4±4.1 # WN1040 1040 3.20±0.15 13.10±0.28 1.94±0.02 28±5 3.53±0.17 266.1±7.7 75.5±4.2 # WN1060 1060 2.58±0.14 12.64±0.27 1.95±0.02 25±5 3.40±0.16 284.9±8.1 83.1±6.9 # WN1080 1080 3.04±0.20 13.31±0.29 1.97±0.02 29±5 3.29±0.16 304.6±9.2 87.9±7.5 # WN1100 1100 3.03±0.19 14.24±0.31 1.98±0.02 29±5 3.36±0.16 318.7±4.6 89.9±7.1 # WN1120 1120 3.26±0.17 14.55±0.31 2.00±0.02 28±5 3.36±0.16 326.1±9.4 89.8±7.6 # WN1140 1140 2.70±0.16 13.79±0.29 2.01±0.02 29±5 3.15±0.15 337.9±6.2 99.3±7.7 # WN1160 1160 2.90±0.15 14.01±0.29 1.99±0.02 27±5 3.21±0.15 325.6±7.7 93.2±7.7 # WN1180 1180 3.00±0.17 14.65±0.31 1.97±0.02 27±5 3.31±0.16 350.5±8.1 98.8±7.9 # WN1200 1200 3.01±0.17 14.86±0.33 1.95±0.02 27±5 3.35±0.16 365.4±8.5 101.4±8.1 # WN1220 1220 2.51±0.18 14.03±0.29 1.92±0.02 29±5 3.06±0.15 377.2±9.6 115.5±8.7 # WN1240 1240 2.90±0.17 13.84±0.29 1.93±0.02 29±5 3.11±0.15 391.3±8.1 117.7±8.5 # WN1260 1260 2.95±0.16 14.93±0.31 1.90±0.02 28±5 3.24±0.15 384.2±7.2 111.0±8.2 # WN1280 1280 3.28±0.18 15.05±0.32 1.94±0.02 28±5 3.37±0.16 403.2±4.8 111.6±8.1 # WN1300 1300 2.93±0.16 14.12±0.30 1.97±0.02 29±5 3.22±0.15 419.7±11.2 123.0±8.9 # WN1320 1320 3.09±0.18 14.47±0.30 1.98±0.02 29±5 3.25±0.16 443.6±12.4 127.4±9.4 # WN1340 1340 3.37±0.19 13.25±0.29 2.02±0.02 26±5 3.33±0.16 451.4±9.5 127.0±9.1 # WN1360 1360 2.88±0.16 12.76±0.27 2.05±0.02 25±5 3.23±0.16 466.2±10.5 136.5±9.6 # # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow (have no #) # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) depth_cm depth, , , cm, , , , ,N age_calkaBP age, , , calendar kyears before present, , , , ,N susc_10-8SI Magnetic susceptibility, , , 10-8 m3 kg-1, , , , ,N gsmean mean grain size, , , um, , , , ,N #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: depth_cm age_calkaBP susc_10-8SI gsmean 8 155.0 20.326 10 153.2 19.748 12 152.1 20.071 14 159.6 19.150 16 153.2 19.348 18 159.2 20.160 20 156.5 18.864 22 157.1 19.289 24 159.2 20.016 26 167.7 19.019 28 176.8 19.151 30 4.0 182.1 19.466 32 4.3 185.9 19.802 34 4.5 206.0 19.369 36 4.7 223.1 18.393 38 5.0 233.0 17.504 40 5.2 252.9 16.965 42 5.5 256.6 16.333 44 5.7 265.8 16.023 46 5.9 264.3 15.410 48 6.2 268.5 15.608 50 6.4 259.9 17.230 52 6.6 261.9 17.081 54 6.8 253.7 16.606 56 7.1 260.9 15.496 58 7.3 241.0 15.929 60 7.5 248.0 15.850 62 7.7 244.4 16.628 64 7.9 235.9 16.579 66 8.1 231.5 15.591 68 8.3 228.6 15.095 70 8.5 225.1 17.890 72 8.7 210.7 17.564 74 8.9 201.5 18.701 76 9.1 200.3 19.533 78 9.3 193.2 18.633 80 9.5 196.1 18.749 82 9.7 183.5 18.071 84 10.0 185.3 17.491 86 10.2 178.0 18.015 88 10.4 177.2 18.956 90 10.6 177.5 18.472 92 10.8 170.8 18.156 94 11.1 174.7 19.334 96 11.3 170.8 19.273 98 11.5 179.6 18.775 100 11.8 196.1 20.081 102 12.0 169.2 19.578 104 12.3 150.0 19.606 106 12.5 148.7 18.080 108 12.8 137.6 17.831 110 13.1 118.3 19.167 112 13.3 115.4 19.574 114 13.6 104.5 18.900 116 13.9 106.8 19.498 118 14.2 101.5 19.512 120 14.5 104.2 19.595 122 14.8 102.9 19.548 124 15.1 99.5 20.267 126 15.4 100.5 19.841 128 15.8 91.3 21.378 130 16.1 95.0 20.908 132 16.4 94.6 21.034 134 16.7 101.1 20.468 136 17.1 100.8 20.591 138 17.4 110.0 20.164 140 17.7 100.7 21.090 142 18.0 108.1 20.526 144 18.2 103.9 19.902 146 18.5 110.4 20.681 148 18.7 107.9 20.831 150 19.0 91.6 20.442 152 19.3 92.9 20.232 154 19.5 95.8 20.190 156 19.8 92.9 21.589 158 20.0 89.9 21.469 160 20.3 97.0 21.772 162 20.6 90.6 21.906 164 20.8 86.7 21.731 166 21.0 96.2 21.970 168 21.3 94.5 21.737 170 21.5 93.5 21.522 172 21.8 93.5 21.660 174 22.0 87.3 19.963 176 22.3 86.3 19.757 178 22.5 90.6 19.634 180 22.8 93.1 19.927 182 23.0 85.7 21.543 184 23.2 87.7 20.749 186 23.4 92.6 20.877 188 23.7 90.7 21.173 190 23.9 94.6 21.508 192 24.1 89.1 21.747 194 24.3 87.5 21.549 196 24.6 89.9 21.474 198 24.8 89.0 21.255 200 25.0 93.3 20.494 202 25.2 90.6 19.566 204 25.4 92.1 19.306 206 25.6 90.7 19.042 208 25.8 91.6 19.958 210 26.0 90.7 19.990 212 26.2 92.3 20.107 214 26.4 94.7 19.976 216 26.6 94.8 20.308 218 26.8 95.0 22.278 220 27.0 94.6 21.824 222 27.2 94.8 22.080 224 27.4 93.8 22.468 226 27.5 95.0 21.921 228 27.7 94.5 22.451 230 27.9 95.9 22.029 232 28.0 97.4 22.194 234 28.2 96.6 19.511 236 28.4 97.2 19.836 238 28.6 97.4 21.061 240 28.7 99.8 20.727 242 28.9 99.6 21.821 244 29.0 100.9 22.848 246 29.2 104.6 21.952 248 29.3 106.7 21.850 250 29.5 107.6 22.374 252 29.6 105.1 21.389 254 29.8 107.8 21.785 256 29.9 109.4 20.977 258 30.1 107.7 21.299 260 30.2 110.9 21.041 262 30.4 112.8 20.445 264 30.5 111.7 20.141 266 30.7 112.2 20.363 268 30.8 114.4 19.894 270 30.9 113.2 20.217 272 31.1 115.3 20.153 274 31.2 113.3 20.399 276 31.3 110.1 20.587 278 31.5 116.0 20.826 280 31.6 119.1 20.339 282 31.7 118.0 21.523 284 31.9 116.5 21.814 286 32.0 123.3 21.828 288 32.1 124.4 21.412 290 32.3 122.5 20.961 292 32.4 129.0 21.315 294 32.5 129.7 19.855 296 32.7 126.2 19.333 298 32.8 131.8 19.735 300 32.9 130.5 18.665 302 33.0 131.6 18.106 304 33.2 129.5 18.834 306 33.3 130.7 19.587 308 33.5 135.1 20.193 310 33.6 133.9 20.250 312 33.7 135.3 20.688 314 33.9 134.4 20.689 316 34.0 133.7 20.347 318 34.1 133.3 20.931 320 34.3 131.9 20.801 322 34.4 133.7 19.936 324 34.5 133.6 19.603 326 34.7 132.6 18.795 328 34.8 136.7 18.361 330 35.0 135.5 19.032 332 35.1 136.5 19.529 334 35.2 136.0 19.172 336 35.4 137.7 20.065 338 35.5 133.6 20.243 340 35.7 134.6 19.851 342 35.8 135.3 20.603 344 36.0 135.1 20.826 346 36.1 133.3 20.752 348 36.3 133.7 20.990 350 36.4 129.8 20.238 352 36.6 128.9 20.151 354 36.7 134.1 20.216 356 36.9 133.0 20.577 358 37.0 130.7 20.429 360 37.2 132.6 20.565 362 37.3 136.7 21.239 364 37.5 134.9 20.258 366 37.6 134.5 20.659 368 37.8 133.6 19.797 370 37.9 134.6 18.359 372 38.1 136.6 18.123 374 38.2 139.0 18.476 376 38.4 141.2 18.641 378 38.5 141.2 17.928 380 38.7 143.5 17.726 382 38.8 141.9 18.150 384 39.0 140.1 18.345 386 39.1 137.8 18.676 388 39.3 139.4 19.428 390 39.4 141.7 18.640 392 39.6 140.7 17.846 394 39.7 139.3 17.898 396 39.9 139.4 18.048 398 40.0 144.6 18.629 400 40.2 146.2 19.029 402 40.3 145.5 18.073 404 40.5 145.1 17.686 406 40.6 146.7 18.050 408 40.8 145.0 17.651 410 40.9 145.8 18.532 412 41.0 145.5 18.284 414 41.2 145.4 18.575 416 41.3 149.2 18.571 418 41.4 149.3 18.511 420 41.6 149.6 17.821 422 41.7 149.7 17.469 424 41.8 147.5 17.541 426 41.9 149.7 18.424 428 42.1 150.6 18.405 430 42.2 151.2 17.677 432 42.3 147.7 18.528 434 42.4 150.7 18.369 436 42.6 150.9 17.547 438 42.7 153.8 17.220 440 42.8 158.2 17.067 442 42.9 156.6 17.467 444 43.0 156.2 17.113 446 43.1 158.7 17.647 448 43.2 155.3 18.093 450 43.3 157.2 18.475 452 43.4 156.2 18.579 454 43.5 157.2 18.545 456 43.6 159.0 18.380 458 43.7 157.5 17.458 460 43.8 156.8 17.796 462 43.9 159.4 17.965 464 44.0 157.4 18.085 466 44.1 158.5 17.880 468 44.2 152.0 17.815 470 44.2 154.9 17.369 472 44.3 154.8 17.549 474 44.4 156.0 18.429 476 44.5 158.2 19.449 478 44.6 156.9 18.982 480 44.7 155.7 18.270 482 44.7 153.8 18.192 484 44.8 154.4 17.962 486 44.9 154.5 18.616 488 45.0 161.2 18.415 490 45.0 158.7 17.607 492 45.1 158.0 17.454 494 45.2 159.0 17.074 496 45.3 162.0 18.109 498 45.3 161.0 18.119 500 45.4 160.0 17.900 502 45.5 157.5 17.538 504 45.6 158.2 18.145 506 45.6 156.7 18.247 508 45.7 156.0 19.200 510 45.8 159.7 19.073 512 45.9 155.7 18.983 514 45.9 155.2 18.705 516 46.0 159.7 19.342 518 46.1 153.8 19.321 520 46.2 159.5 19.012 522 46.2 161.2 19.253 524 46.3 154.7 18.927 526 46.4 159.4 19.184 528 46.5 158.0 19.365 530 46.5 158.2 19.195 532 46.6 160.0 19.340 534 46.7 159.8 19.213 536 46.8 155.9 19.201 538 46.9 155.2 18.345 540 46.9 153.2 18.693 542 47.0 155.7 18.724 544 47.1 155.9 18.815 546 47.2 158.0 18.742 548 47.3 154.9 18.969 550 47.4 152.7 18.712 552 47.5 155.0 18.078 554 47.6 152.4 17.543 556 47.7 150.5 18.359 558 47.8 150.7 17.900 560 47.9 153.3 18.061 562 48.0 156.2 18.170 564 48.1 152.7 17.857 566 48.2 149.6 17.785 568 48.3 154.4 18.012 570 48.4 157.5 17.744 572 48.5 158.7 17.384 574 48.6 157.7 17.282 576 48.7 157.4 18.312 578 48.9 160.2 18.095 580 49.0 161.0 17.513 582 49.1 160.4 17.341 584 49.2 161.0 17.517 586 49.3 159.7 17.207 588 49.5 160.0 17.174 590 49.6 162.7 17.821 592 49.7 168.5 17.792 594 49.8 167.2 17.673 596 50.0 169.3 17.430 598 50.1 168.2 16.707 600 50.2 164.2 16.659 602 50.4 165.3 17.487 604 50.5 163.8 16.900 606 50.6 168.5 17.116 608 50.8 172.0 16.808 610 50.9 170.7 17.349 612 51.1 169.2 17.187 614 51.2 170.2 17.155 616 51.3 173.1 17.429 618 51.5 173.2 17.458 620 51.6 174.1 17.535 622 51.8 169.2 17.365 624 51.9 171.0 17.310 626 52.1 175.8 17.098 628 52.2 172.8 16.796 630 52.4 168.0 17.166 632 52.5 168.0 17.272 634 52.7 158.8 17.661 636 52.8 157.7 17.408 638 53.0 162.0 17.780 640 53.1 162.5 16.912 642 53.3 160.3 17.442 644 53.4 153.2 17.928 646 53.6 140.3 17.889 648 53.7 146.9 17.116 650 53.9 145.3 17.160 652 54.1 146.7 17.587 654 54.2 149.1 18.084 656 54.4 155.0 18.260 658 54.5 162.3 17.835 660 54.7 157.5 17.839 662 54.8 172.0 17.353 664 55.0 178.3 17.071 666 55.2 185.0 16.835 668 55.3 182.2 17.247 670 55.5 191.9 17.744 672 55.7 196.9 17.685 674 55.8 203.6 17.498 676 56.0 209.6 16.281 678 56.1 211.6 16.028 680 56.3 217.6 15.849 682 56.5 219.7 16.390 684 56.6 223.1 16.656 686 56.8 225.5 15.943 688 57.0 226.6 16.288 690 57.1 225.5 15.836 692 57.3 228.9 15.809 694 57.5 226.1 15.162 696 57.6 229.4 15.394 698 57.8 227.5 15.094 700 58.0 227.5 15.595 702 58.2 229.9 16.121 704 58.3 223.2 15.354 706 58.5 218.6 15.515 708 58.7 215.4 16.191 710 58.9 215.8 15.712 712 59.0 207.2 15.330 714 59.2 205.8 16.096 716 59.4 202.8 16.659 718 59.6 204.4 16.676 720 59.7 197.5 17.325 722 59.9 201.1 17.271 724 60.1 195.7 17.305 726 60.3 199.3 17.880 728 60.5 197.5 17.248 730 60.7 197.8 17.816 732 60.9 197.7 17.214 734 61.1 195.6 17.325 736 61.2 194.7 17.986 738 61.4 189.4 17.730 740 61.6 186.2 17.311 742 61.8 187.7 17.469 744 62.0 183.3 17.665 746 62.2 178.6 16.657 748 62.4 193.4 16.663 750 62.6 191.5 16.508 752 62.8 186.9 16.729 754 63.0 182.4 16.336 756 63.2 174.8 16.725 758 63.4 174.5 17.720 760 63.5 174.7 17.468 762 63.7 170.5 17.399 764 63.9 164.0 17.024 766 64.1 166.2 17.830 768 64.3 158.9 17.799 770 64.5 161.5 17.319 772 64.7 157.2 17.770 774 64.9 150.4 18.046 776 65.1 150.7 17.764 778 65.3 146.7 18.063 780 65.5 139.7 18.089 782 65.7 138.9 18.543 784 65.9 129.4 18.679 786 66.1 128.9 18.325 788 66.3 127.7 18.251 790 66.5 125.7 17.758 792 66.7 120.8 18.314 794 66.8 115.7 18.829 796 67.0 113.2 19.469 798 67.2 111.9 19.096 800 67.4 111.6 19.646 802 67.6 111.3 19.570 804 67.8 111.6 18.923 806 67.9 117.0 19.039 808 68.1 127.3 19.290 810 68.3 129.1 18.664 812 68.5 137.0 18.211 814 68.6 135.8 18.470 816 68.8 128.9 18.330 818 69.0 124.3 19.291 820 69.2 119.8 18.885 822 69.3 116.9 19.030 824 69.5 112.7 18.139 826 69.6 114.0 18.144 828 69.7 113.9 18.942 830 69.9 113.4 19.084 832 70.0 113.7 18.471 834 70.2 114.3 18.141 836 70.3 115.4 18.504 838 70.5 113.0 18.413 840 70.6 117.7 18.594 842 70.7 118.9 18.500 844 70.8 117.4 17.903 846 70.9 120.7 18.121 848 71.1 128.2 17.981 850 71.2 130.8 17.779 852 71.3 132.5 17.659 854 71.4 132.1 17.979 856 71.5 132.0 18.192 858 71.6 131.0 17.497 860 71.7 131.9 17.921 862 71.8 132.7 17.436 864 71.9 126.8 17.438 866 71.9 128.4 17.906 868 72.0 124.9 17.665 870 72.1 124.8 17.984 872 72.2 122.8 17.741 874 72.2 118.0 18.730 876 72.3 112.0 18.599 878 72.4 112.8 18.752 880 72.4 113.2 18.598 882 72.5 111.9 18.683 884 72.5 110.6 18.865 886 72.6 115.0 18.419 888 72.6 116.4 18.270 890 72.7 114.3 18.739 892 72.7 113.7 18.625 894 72.7 113.6 18.869 896 72.8 116.1 18.649 898 72.8 116.3 18.290 900 72.9 116.9 18.725 902 72.9 119.3 18.659 904 72.9 120.8 19.080 906 72.9 118.5 18.730 908 72.9 123.2 18.821 910 73.0 123.5 19.081 912 73.0 124.5 18.642 914 73.0 122.7 18.353 916 73.0 121.0 18.485 918 73.0 123.5 18.361 920 73.1 120.2 18.723 922 73.1 121.2 18.457 924 73.1 118.6 18.806 926 73.1 112.9 19.301 928 73.1 115.4 19.074 930 73.2 114.3 18.892 932 73.2 116.4 19.327 934 73.2 112.6 19.612 936 73.2 112.8 19.379 938 73.2 110.2 18.738 940 73.2 112.7 19.263 942 73.3 112.0 19.507 944 73.3 114.2 19.025 946 73.4 116.2 18.940 948 73.4 111.8 19.170 950 73.4 120.1 19.278 952 73.5 116.0 19.356 954 73.5 126.4 19.070 956 73.5 121.6 18.895 958 73.6 123.5 18.903 960 73.6 123.4 18.415 962 73.6 127.2 18.769 964 73.7 125.5 19.006 966 73.8 124.7 18.757 968 73.9 126.5 18.227 970 74.0 132.7 18.403 972 74.1 126.4 18.086 974 74.2 132.6 17.459 976 74.3 133.8 17.693 978 74.4 135.9 18.262 980 74.5 137.6 18.353 982 74.6 136.7 18.182 984 74.7 136.0 17.791 986 74.8 141.1 17.379 988 74.8 142.3 17.711 990 74.9 141.9 17.043 992 75.0 144.9 17.397 994 75.1 146.9 17.157 996 75.2 139.8 17.205 998 75.3 142.5 17.169 1000 75.4 138.5 17.297 1002 75.7 135.4 17.569 1004 75.8 126.2 17.717 1006 76.0 117.4 17.731 1008 76.2 116.9 19.198 1010 76.4 114.8 19.358 1012 76.5 107.7 18.841 1014 76.7 103.2 19.420 1016 76.9 96.9 19.337 1018 77.1 93.0 19.041 1020 77.2 92.1 19.374 1022 77.5 90.9 19.531 1024 77.7 96.3 19.528 1026 77.9 99.3 19.427 1028 78.1 98.2 18.585 1030 78.4 97.4 18.988 1032 78.6 104.4 19.309 1034 78.8 115.3 19.237 1036 79.0 122.9 19.412 1038 79.3 130.1 19.107 1040 79.5 144.3 18.760 1042 79.8 159.5 18.238 1044 80.0 173.5 18.049 1046 80.3 187.1 17.245 1048 80.6 205.4 16.542 1050 80.8 212.9 16.981 1052 81.1 222.3 16.466 1054 81.4 227.9 16.056 1056 81.7 233.6 15.607 1058 81.9 238.4 15.492 1060 82.2 244.7 14.827 1062 82.5 246.7 15.379 1064 82.8 249.0 15.100 1066 83.1 246.5 15.590 1068 83.4 243.7 16.590 1070 83.7 238.8 16.771 1072 84.0 245.3 16.426 1074 84.3 239.4 17.172 1076 84.6 237.3 16.669 1078 84.9 239.7 17.798 1080 85.2 236.7 18.353 1082 85.6 238.9 18.916 1084 85.9 241.0 18.558 1086 86.2 240.4 18.014 1088 86.5 246.7 16.189 1090 86.8 245.8 15.923 1092 87.2 256.6 16.393 1094 87.5 260.9 15.376 1096 87.8 262.7 16.084 1098 88.1 264.6 15.570 1100 88.5 267.9 15.578 1102 88.8 273.6 15.978 1104 89.1 275.3 15.969 1106 89.4 279.9 16.401 1108 89.8 283.2 15.990 1110 90.1 287.4 16.457 1112 90.4 286.7 15.514 1114 90.8 287.7 15.699 1116 91.1 283.9 15.918 1118 91.4 286.7 15.983 1120 91.8 285.7 17.071 1122 92.1 285.2 16.500 1124 92.4 282.1 16.603 1126 92.7 284.2 16.106 1128 93.1 275.6 16.466 1130 93.4 277.7 15.915 1132 93.7 280.4 15.653 1134 94.1 272.6 15.772 1136 94.4 278.1 15.762 1138 94.7 262.2 17.060 1140 95.0 267.3 16.495 1142 95.4 267.4 16.091 1144 95.7 262.0 15.705 1146 96.0 258.2 16.311 1148 96.4 257.1 17.440 1150 96.7 251.0 17.319 1152 97.0 253.4 18.466 1154 97.3 251.3 17.808 1156 97.7 248.5 18.125 1158 98.0 243.5 18.691 1160 98.3 243.5 17.111 1162 98.6 237.8 16.841 1164 98.9 239.3 16.723 1166 99.3 235.7 16.812 1168 99.6 229.3 17.188 1170 99.9 234.4 17.031 1172 100.2 225.2 17.446 1174 100.6 225.9 17.857 1176 100.9 232.2 17.164 1178 101.2 232.1 17.563 1180 101.5 237.0 17.580 1182 101.9 238.3 17.326 1184 102.2 237.3 17.529 1186 102.5 240.8 18.246 1188 102.8 239.6 17.243 1190 103.1 248.1 17.214 1192 103.5 251.8 16.498 1194 103.8 250.8 15.277 1196 104.1 260.7 15.518 1198 104.4 259.0 15.326 1200 104.8 269.3 16.008 1202 105.1 280.8 16.065 1204 105.4 284.7 16.836 1206 105.7 297.2 16.603 1208 106.1 292.7 16.731 1210 106.4 304.7 15.576 1212 106.7 299.1 15.393 1214 107.1 302.5 15.584 1216 107.4 296.7 15.640 1218 107.7 300.3 15.309 1220 108.0 298.7 14.856 1222 108.4 307.4 15.566 1224 108.7 310.8 15.312 1226 109.1 312.0 14.130 1228 109.4 314.4 14.736 1230 109.7 309.0 15.143 1232 110.1 312.6 15.178 1234 110.4 315.4 15.822 1236 110.7 310.4 16.024 1238 111.1 314.0 15.227 1240 111.4 317.3 16.034 1242 111.8 316.3 15.682 1244 112.1 317.7 15.607 1246 112.5 305.1 15.144 1248 112.8 300.8 14.354 1250 113.2 294.4 14.559 1252 113.5 290.4 14.842 1254 113.9 287.6 14.626 1256 114.2 282.1 15.429 1258 114.6 278.3 16.059 1260 114.9 276.3 16.923 1262 115.3 277.6 16.576 1264 115.6 264.6 16.480 1266 116.0 263.1 16.299 1268 116.4 237.5 17.230 1270 116.7 239.5 17.382 1272 117.1 234.9 16.675 1274 117.5 233.9 16.824 1276 117.8 235.0 16.884 1278 118.2 230.5 17.081 1280 118.5 220.7 16.244 1282 118.9 225.4 17.142 1284 119.3 220.3 16.790 1286 119.6 213.5 16.039 1288 120.0 211.4 15.839 1290 120.4 215.3 15.448 1292 120.8 222.3 15.247 1294 121.1 228.1 15.560 1296 121.5 230.1 14.282 1298 121.9 225.0 14.503 1300 122.2 227.0 14.137 1302 122.6 222.7 13.715 1304 123.0 217.4 13.871 1306 123.3 213.3 13.063 1308 123.7 199.7 14.225 1310 124.1 184.8 13.572 1312 124.5 177.8 13.783 1314 124.8 170.0 13.824 1316 125.2 148.0 13.780 1318 125.6 142.6 13.627 1320 125.9 129.9 14.426 1322 126.3 120.6 15.593 1324 126.7 104.9 15.783 1326 127.0 96.3 15.964 1328 127.4 84.3 18.095 1330 127.7 88.7 17.391 1332 128.1 84.7 16.955 1334 128.5 84.8 15.727 1336 128.8 82.2 16.260 1338 129.2 77.4 16.995 1340 129.6 77.3 17.652 1342 129.9 77.9 17.310 1344 130.3 78.2 16.004 1346 130.6 78.9 15.618 1348 131.0 81.5 16.317 1350 131.3 84.1 16.343 1352 131.7 85.4 15.696 1354 132.0 87.8 16.660 1356 132.4 88.6 16.602 1358 132.7 89.2 18.605 1360 133.1 91.4 18.936 1362 133.4 89.8 19.002 1364 133.7 87.5 18.721 1366 134.1 90.9 19.365 1368 134.4 90.0 18.760 1370 134.8 91.5 19.028 1372 135.1 88.3 17.612 1374 135.5 88.7 17.605 1376 135.8 85.0 17.460 1378 136.2 82.8 17.349 1380 136.5 80.4 18.221 1382 136.9 80.3 18.727 1384 137.2 78.3 18.954 1386 137.6 79.1 19.244 1388 137.9 72.5 21.033 1390 138.3 67.3 20.858 1392 138.6 67.5 20.780 1394 139.0 63.7 21.602 1396 139.3 62.3 21.545 1398 139.7 58.0 20.475 1400 140.0 57.8 20.653 1402 140.4 56.1 20.149 1404 140.7 56.4 18.436 1406 141.1 56.1 18.332 1408 141.4 56.1 18.477 1410 141.8 57.6 19.451 1412 142.1 55.1 18.967 1414 142.5 55.6 18.892 1416 142.8 57.7 18.628 1418 143.2 56.3 19.226 1420 143.5 56.1 19.314 1422 143.9 55.4 20.937 1424 144.2 53.8 21.410 1426 144.6 54.7 22.735 1428 144.9 53.3 22.100