supposed to vary opposite of Ti and Al, but doesnt

Kirby, M. E. and Lund, S. P. and Patterson, W. P. and Anderson, M. A. and Bird, B. W. and Ivanovici, L. and Monarrez, P. and Nielsen, S.

A Holocene record of Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)-related hydrologic variability in Southern California (Lake Elsinore, CA)

Shuman, B. N. and Carter, G. E. and Hougardy, D. D. and Powers, K. and Shinker, J. J.

Shuman, B. N., G. E. Carter, D. D. Hougardy, K. Powers, and J. J. Shinker (2014), A north-south moisture dipole at multi-century scales in the Central and Southern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A., during the late Holocene, Rocky Mountain Geology, 49(1), 33–49, doi:10.2113/gsrocky.49.1.33.

A north-south moisture dipole at multi-century scales in the Central and Southern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A., during the late Holocene

Routson, Cody C. and Overpeck, Jonathan T. and Woodhouse, Connie A. and Kenney, William F.

Three Millennia of Southwestern North American Dustiness and Future Implications

Stevens, Lora; Stone, Jeffery; Fritz, Sherilyn

A 2200-yr long, high-resolution ( 5 yr) record of drought variability in northwest Montana is inferred from diatoms and d18O values of bio- induced carbonate preserved in a varved lacustrine core from Foy Lake. A previously developed model of the diatom response to lake-level fluctuations is used to constrain estimates of paleolake levels derived from the diatom data. High-frequency (decadal) fluctuations in the de- trended d18O record mirror variations in wet/dry cycles inferred from Banff tree-rings, demonstrating the sensitivity of the oxygen-isotope values to changes in regional moisture balance. Low frequency (multi-centennial) isotopic changes may be associated with shifts in the seasonal distribution of precipitation. From 200 B.C. to A.D. 800, both diatom and isotope records indicate that climate was dry and lake level low, with poor diatom preservation and high organic carbon: nitrogen ratios. Subsequently, lake level rose slightly, although the climate was drier and more stable than modern conditions. At A.D. 1200, lake level increased to approximately 6 m below present elevation, after which the lake fluctuated between this elevation and full stage, with particularly cool and/or wetter conditions after 1700. The hydrologic balance of the lake shifted abruptly at 1894 because of the establishment of a lumber mill at the lakes outlet. Spectral analysis of the d18O data indicates that severe droughts occurred with multi-decadal (50 to 70 yr) frequency.