Note seasonal cycle of precipitation d18O is strong and seasonal biases are likely strong. Should we be worried about disequilibrium?

negative correlation between Î´18O and growth thickness, supporting our interpretation of an effective moisture forcing on stalagmite Î´18O value

effective moisture plus source or pathway

Schmieder, J. and Fritz, S.C. and Swinehart, J.B. and Shinneman, A.L.C. and Wolfe, A.P. and Miller, G. and Daniels, N. and Jacobs, K.C. and Grimm, E.C.

A regional-scale climate reconstruction of the last 4000 years from lakes in the Nebraska Sand Hills, USA

Marsicek, Jeremiah P. and Shuman, Bryan and Brewer, Simon and Foster, David R. and Oswald, W. Wyatt

Moisture and temperature changes associated with the mid-Holocene Tsuga decline in the northeastern United States

Late-glacial and postglacial vegetational history of the Berkshires, western Massachusetts

Cumming, Brian F.; Laird, Kathleen R.; Bennett, Joseph R.; Smol, John P.; Salomon, Anne K.

Cumming, B. F. and Laird, K. R. and Bennett, J. R. and Smol, J. P. and Salomon, A. K.

Persistent millennial-scale shifts in moisture regimes in western Canada during the past six millennia

transfer functions using diatom assemblages

Calcite-d18O ratios of bulk sediment 32um size fraction from continuous intervals of 0.25 cm from 0 to 5 cm depth, at 1.0 cm intervals from 5 to 154 cm depth and at spaced intervals of 2.0 cm from 154 to 300 cm depth.  For updated data and age model details see Anderson (2012).  Lake impoundment in AD 1953 artificially elevates d18O values from that year to present.

Bison Lake, Colorado Holocene Calcite Oxygen Isotope Data

Holocene record of precipitation seasonality from lake calcite  18O in the central Rocky Mountains, United States

seasonality of precipitation (higher is drier, and less winter precip), but also influenced by temperature

Oswald, W.W., Faison, E.K., Foster, D.R., Doughty, E.D., Hall, B.R., Hansen, B.C.S.

REJECT - Most recent 2100 yrs not interpreted due to land use disturbances.

prior calcite precipitation mechanism; Epikarsting moisture transport influences Sr and Ca delivery to cave