# Northeastern United States 11,000 Year Precipitation Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/23072 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/NAm2kHydro-2017/noaa-templates/data-version-1.0.0/BerryPondWest.Marsicek.2013.txt # Online_Resource_Description: This file. NOAA WDS Paleo formatted metadata and data for version 1.0.0 of this dataset. # # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/NAm2kHydro-2017/data-version-1.0.0/BerryPondWest.Marsicek.2013.lpd # Online_Resource_Description: Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) formatted file containing the same metadata and data as this file, for version 1.0.0 of this dataset. # # Original_Source_URL: this study # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Climate Reconstruction # Parameter_Keywords: precipitation # Dataset_DOI: # #------------------ # Contribution_Date # Date: 2017-11-15 #------------------ # File_Last_Modified_Date # Modified_Date: 2017-11-15 #------------------ # Title # Study_Name: Northeastern United States 11,000 Year Precipitation Reconstructions #------------------ # Investigators # Investigators: Marsicek, J.P.; Shuman, B.; Brewer, S.; Foster, D.R.; Oswald, W.W. #------------------ # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Precipitation reconstructions for 5 locations in the northeastern United States over the Holocene. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Jeremiah P. Marsicek, Bryan Shuman, Simon Brewer, David R. Foster, W. Wyatt Oswald # Published_Date_or_Year: 2013-11-15 # Published_Title: Moisture and temperature changes associated with the mid-Holocene Tsuga decline in the northeastern United States # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Volume: 80 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 129-142 # Report: # DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.09.001 # Online_Resource: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379113003375 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: A decline of hemlock (Tsuga) populations at ca 5.5 ka (thousands of calibrated radiocarbon years before 1950 AD) stands out as the most abrupt vegetation change of the Holocene in North America, but remains poorly understood after decades of study. Recent analyses of fossil pollen have revealed a concurrent, abrupt oak (Quercus) decline and increases in the abundance of beech (Fagus) and pine (Pinus) on Cape Cod in eastern Massachusetts, but the replacement of drought-tolerant oaks by moisture-sensitive beeches appears inconsistent with low lake levels in the region at the same time. The oak and beech changes are also limited to coastal areas, and the coastal-inland differences require an explanation. Here, we develop a new lake-level reconstruction from Deep Pond, Cape Cod by using a transect of sediment cores and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) profiles to constrain the past elevations of the sandy, littoral zone of the pond. The reconstruction shows that a series of multi-century episodes of low water coincide with the abrupt hemlock and oak declines, and interrupt subsequent phases of hemlock recovery. The lake-level variations equal precipitation deficits of ~100 mm superimposed on a Holocene long moisture increase of >400 mm. However, because moisture deficits do not easily explain the oak and beech changes, we also evaluate how the climate preferences of the regional vegetation changed over time by matching the fossil pollen assemblages from Deep Pond with their modern equivalents. Reconstructions of the precipitation requirements of the vegetation correlate well even in detail with the lake-level record (r = 0.88 at Deep Pond), and indicate close tracking of effective moisture (precipitation minus evapotranspiration) by the vegetation despite the abrupt species declines, which could have decoupled climate and vegetation trends. Reconstructions of the temperature preferences of the vegetation indicate that coastal sites may have cooled by 0.5-2.5C after ca 5.5 ka, while inland sites warmed by 0.5-1C. The change in coastal temperature preferences agrees with sea surface cooling in the western Atlantic Ocean of >1C. Consequently, the persistence of low hemlock abundance after 5.5 ka in the northeast U.S. may have resulted from oceanic changes that produced multi-century droughts and thus delayed the post-decline recovery of hemlock populations. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Whitehead, Donald R. # Published_Date_or_Year: 1979-11-01 # Published_Title: Late-glacial and postglacial vegetational history of the Berkshires, western Massachusetts # Journal_Name: Quaternary Research # Volume: 12 # Edition: # Issue: 3 # Pages: 333-357 # Report: # DOI: 10.1016/0033-5894(79)90033-4 # Online_Resource: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/quaternary-research/article/lateglacial-and-postglacial-vegetational-history-of-the-berkshires-western-massachusetts/0194F7D3E74943B561FF71E63730D9F6 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: A pollen analytical investigation of the sediments of Berry Pond, Berkshire County, Massachusetts, has demonstrated a sequence of pollen assemblage zones similar to those detected elsewhere in New England. From about 13,000 to 12,000 yr B.P. the vegetation of the region was treeless, probably tundra. By 11,500 yr tundra had been replaced by open boreal forest. Closed boreal forest became dominant by 10,500 yr. Boreal forests were replaced by mixed coniferous and deciduous forests with much white pine about 9600 yr ago. A "northern hardwoods" complex with much hemlock, beech, and sugar maple succeeded the mixed forests 8600 yr ago. Hemlock declined very rapidly approximately 4800 yr ago and was replaced by birch, oak, beech, ash, and red maple. This decline may have been biologically rather than climatically induced. There is a slight maximum of pine (much of it pitch pine) from 4100 to 2600 yr ago, perhaps indicative of warmer and/or drier conditions. There were slight changes in the forests about 1600 yr ago as chestnut immigrated and spruce and larch increased slightly. European land clearance and subsequent land abandonment are detectable in the uppermost levels. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: DEB-0816731, DEB-0815036 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Berry Pond # Location: North America>United States Of America>Massachusetts # Country: United States Of America # Northernmost_Latitude: 42.505 # Southernmost_Latitude: 42.505 # Easternmost_Longitude: -73.319 # Westernmost_Longitude: -73.319 # Elevation: 631 #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: BerryPondWest.Marsicek.2013 # Earliest_Year: 11000.0 # Most_Recent_Year: 0.0 # Time_Unit: Cal. Year BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology: # #------------------ # Variables # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components ( 10 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, additional_information) # ## age_CE age, , , year CE, , , , ,N, ## age_calBP age, , , calendar years before present, , , , ,N, ## precip Precipitation, ,,mm/yr, annual, climate reconstruction, ,,N, # #------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header) # Missing_Values: nan # age_CE age_calBP precip 1950 0 nan 1900 50 nan 1850 100 1171.924 1800 150 1164.666 1750 200 1149.11 1700 250 1133.554 1650 300 1117.998 1600 350 1125.42 1550 400 1134.18 1500 450 1142.939 1450 500 1151.698 1400 550 1160.458 1350 600 1159.814 1300 650 1156.44 1250 700 1153.066 1200 750 1149.692 1150 800 1145.018 1100 850 1124.306 1050 900 1103.594 1000 950 1082.882 950 1000 1094.347 900 1050 1114.625 850 1100 1134.903 800 1150 1140.543 750 1200 1131.25 700 1250 1121.957 650 1300 1112.663 600 1350 1103.37 550 1400 1094.077 500 1450 1093.047 450 1500 1096.107 400 1550 1099.168 350 1600 1102.228 300 1650 1105.289 250 1700 1108.349 200 1750 1111.409 150 1800 1113.775 100 1850 1112.312 50 1900 1110.848 0 1950 1109.384 -50 2000 1107.921 -100 2050 1106.457 -150 2100 1104.993 -200 2150 1103.53 -250 2200 1104.362 -300 2250 1106.497 -350 2300 1108.632 -400 2350 1110.767 -450 2400 1112.902 -500 2450 1115.037 -550 2500 1117.171 -600 2550 1119.306 -650 2600 1121.441 -700 2650 1123.576 -750 2700 1121.695 -800 2750 1119.206 -850 2800 1116.716 -900 2850 1114.227 -950 2900 1111.737 -1000 2950 1109.247 -1050 3000 1106.758 -1100 3050 1104.268 -1150 3100 1104.26 -1200 3150 1104.551 -1250 3200 1104.842 -1300 3250 1105.133 -1350 3300 1099.332 -1400 3350 1093.308 -1450 3400 1087.285 -1500 3450 1081.261 -1550 3500 1075.793 -1600 3550 1079.786 -1650 3600 1083.78 -1700 3650 1087.774 -1750 3700 1091.768 -1800 3750 1095.762 -1850 3800 1099.755 -1900 3850 1103.749 -1950 3900 1107.743 -2000 3950 1111.737 -2050 4000 1115.73 -2100 4050 1119.724 -2150 4100 1123.718 -2200 4150 1119.905 -2250 4200 1112.401 -2300 4250 1104.897 -2350 4300 1097.392 -2400 4350 1089.888 -2450 4400 1082.444 -2500 4450 1084.965 -2550 4500 1087.486 -2600 4550 1090.008 -2650 4600 1092.529 -2700 4650 1095.05 -2750 4700 1108.642 -2800 4750 1122.655 -2850 4800 1136.669 -2900 4850 1144.857 -2950 4900 1126.726 -3000 4950 1108.595 -3050 5000 1090.464 -3100 5050 1072.333 -3150 5100 1068.924 -3200 5150 1069.939 -3250 5200 1070.954 -3300 5250 1071.97 -3350 5300 1072.985 -3400 5350 1074 -3450 5400 1075.016 -3500 5450 1076.031 -3550 5500 1076.143 -3600 5550 1076.143 -3650 5600 1076.143 -3700 5650 1079 -3750 5700 1083.744 -3800 5750 1088.489 -3850 5800 1090.429 -3900 5850 1090.429 -3950 5900 1090.628 -4000 5950 1091.429 -4050 6000 1092.229 -4100 6050 1093.346 -4150 6100 1094.698 -4200 6150 1088.173 -4250 6200 1075.588 -4300 6250 1063.003 -4350 6300 1050.418 -4400 6350 1037.833 -4450 6400 1031.013 -4500 6450 1039.359 -4550 6500 1047.705 -4600 6550 1056.051 -4650 6600 1064.396 -4700 6650 1072.742 -4750 6700 1081.088 -4800 6750 1089.434 -4850 6800 1097.78 -4900 6850 1106.126 -4950 6900 1114.472 -5000 6950 1122.818 -5050 7000 1123.705 -5100 7050 1117.597 -5150 7100 1111.489 -5200 7150 1105.381 -5250 7200 1099.272 -5300 7250 1093.164 -5350 7300 1087.056 -5400 7350 1080.948 -5450 7400 1074.84 -5500 7450 1068.732 -5550 7500 1070.04 -5600 7550 1074.282 -5650 7600 1078.524 -5700 7650 1082.766 -5750 7700 1087.008 -5800 7750 1091.251 -5850 7800 1095.493 -5900 7850 1099.735 -5950 7900 1103.977 -6000 7950 1108.219 -6050 8000 1106.035 -6100 8050 1103.269 -6150 8100 1100.502 -6200 8150 1097.736 -6250 8200 1094.97 -6300 8250 1092.204 -6350 8300 1089.438 -6400 8350 1086.672 -6450 8400 1083.905 -6500 8450 1081.139 -6550 8500 1078.373 -6600 8550 1075.607 -6650 8600 1072.841 -6700 8650 1070.971 -6750 8700 1069.258 -6800 8750 1067.545 -6850 8800 1065.832 -6900 8850 1052.808 -6950 8900 1038.949 -7000 8950 1025.09 -7050 9000 1011.232 -7100 9050 997.373 -7150 9100 983.514 -7200 9150 969.655 -7250 9200 955.796 -7300 9250 941.937 -7350 9300 928.078 -7400 9350 914.219 -7450 9400 900.36 -7500 9450 886.502 -7550 9500 872.643 -7600 9550 858.784 -7650 9600 844.925 -7700 9650 831.066 -7750 9700 821.968 -7800 9750 820.409 -7850 9800 818.85 -7900 9850 817.291 -7950 9900 815.732 -8000 9950 814.614 -8050 10000 814.059 -8100 10050 813.505 -8150 10100 812.951 -8200 10150 812.396 -8250 10200 811.842 -8300 10250 811.979 -8350 10300 814.144 -8400 10350 816.31 -8450 10400 818.475 -8500 10450 820.64 -8550 10500 814.352 -8600 10550 788.899 -8650 10600 763.445 -8700 10650 737.992 -8750 10700 712.539 -8800 10750 687.085 -8850 10800 660.899 -8900 10850 629.394 -8950 10900 597.89 -9000 10950 567.693 -9050 11000 581.928