# Emerald Lake, Colorado Lake Level Data during the Holocene #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/23079 # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/NAm2kHydro-2017/noaa-templates/data-version-1.0.0/Emerald.Shuman.2014.txt # Online_Resource_Description: This file. NOAA WDS Paleo formatted metadata and data for version 1.0.0 of this dataset. # # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/NAm2kHydro-2017/data-version-1.0.0/Emerald.Shuman.2014.lpd # Online_Resource_Description: Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) formatted file containing the same metadata and data as this file, for version 1.0.0 of this dataset. # # Original_Source_URL: this study # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Lake Level # Parameter_Keywords: # Dataset_DOI: # #------------------ # Contribution_Date # Date: 2017-11-15 #------------------ # File_Last_Modified_Date # Modified_Date: 2017-11-15 #------------------ # Title # Study_Name: Emerald Lake, Colorado Lake Level Data during the Holocene #------------------ # Investigators # Investigators: Shuman, B. N.; Carter, G. E.; Hougardy, D. D.; Powers, K.; Shinker, J. J. #------------------ # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Lake level units are in "cm below modern level", so positive values indicate a drop in lake level. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Shuman, B.N., G.E. Carter, D.D. Hougardy, K. Powers, and J.J. Shinker # Published_Date_or_Year: 2014 # Published_Title: A north-south moisture dipole at multi-century scales in the Central and Southern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A., during the late Holocene # Journal_Name: Rocky Mountain Geology # Volume: 49 # Edition: # Issue: 1 # Pages: 33-49 # Report: # DOI: 10.2113/gsrocky.49.1.33 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Lake-level changes since ca. 3.6 kilo-annum (ka) at Emerald Lake in the Upper Arkansas River Basin of west-central Colorado coincide in time with changes of the opposite direction at Lake of the Woods in northwestern Wyoming. The contrast provides evidence of a multi-centennial moisture dipole across the Southern and Central Rocky Mountains' region similar to one associated with the effects of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on annual to decadal time scales today. Cores and ground penetrating radar (GPR) profiles from Emerald Lake show that deep-water muds accumulated as extensively across the lake basin as today at ca. 3.6–3.0 and 1.4–0.8 ka, and nearly as extensively at 2.5–1.9 ka. The extensive muds indicate episodes of high water at Emerald Lake and date to times when Lake of the Woods was low. Nearshore sand layers at Emerald Lake indicate that water levels fell during the intervening centuries, including when bristlecone pine chronologies have documented repeated multi-decadal droughts in the Upper Arkansas River Basin. Water levels were also low, based on the absence of nearshore mud accumulation, before ca. 3.6 ka, and dramatically lower (>2 m in the currently 4.5-m deep lake) before a sharp rise in water levels by ca. 5.7 ka. A basin-wide change in sediment accumulation patterns, consistent with an expansion and deepening of the lake at ca. 5.7 ka, correlates with regional cooling and similar evidence of increased effective moisture at Lake of the Woods and other sites throughout central North America. The step increase in moisture availability may relate to a global-scale reorganization of climatic patterns, which developed as the mid- and high-latitudes cooled in response to a decline in summer insolation. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Emerald Lake # Location: Colorado # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 39.152 # Southernmost_Latitude: 39.152 # Easternmost_Longitude: -106.406 # Westernmost_Longitude: -106.406 # Elevation: 3053 #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Emerald.Shuman.2014 # Earliest_Year: 11900.0 # Most_Recent_Year: 250.0 # Time_Unit: BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Species # Species_Name: # Species_Code: # Common_Name: #------------------ # Chronology_Section # Chronology: #------------------ # Variables # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components ( 10 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, additional_information) # ## year age, ,,year CE, , , ,,N, ## lakeLevel lake level, ,,cm, , lake level;climate reconstructions, ,,N, units are elevation below modern, so positive values indicate a drop in lake level; Multi-core sediment stratigraphy constrains lake elevation ## age age, ,,calendar years before present, ,, ,,N, ## lakeLevelHi lake level upper bound, ,,cm, , lake level;climate reconstructions, ,,N, units are elevation below modern, so positive values indicate a drop in lake level; Multi-core sediment stratigraphy constrains lake elevation ## lakeLevelLo lake level lower bound, ,,cm, , lake level;climate reconstructions, ,,N, units are elevation below modern, so positive values indicate a drop in lake level; Multi-core sediment stratigraphy constrains lake elevation # #------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header) # Missing_Values: nan # year lakeLevel age lakeLevelHi lakeLevelLo 1700.0 0.862 250.0 -45.02 46.744 1650.0 2.417 300.0 -44.165 49.0 1600.0 7.882 350.0 -35.126 50.89 1550.0 -8.736 400.0 -67.623 50.152 1500.0 -26.462 450.0 -101.219 48.294 1450.0 -39.974 500.0 -127.235 47.287 1400.0 -36.896 550.0 -121.085 47.293 1350.0 -20.409 600.0 -89.764 48.945 1300.0 -3.616 650.0 -57.836 50.605 1250.0 14.103 700.0 -24.592 52.797 1200.0 15.77 750.0 -23.099 54.638 1150.0 9.113 800.0 -37.917 56.143 1100.0 -1.788 850.0 -61.122 57.546 1050.0 -0.418 900.0 -60.118 59.282 1000.0 5.14 950.0 -50.929 61.209 950.0 10.657 1000.0 -41.805 63.118 900.0 16.103 1050.0 -32.736 64.943 850.0 21.308 1100.0 -23.98 66.596 800.0 26.321 1150.0 -15.384 68.027 750.0 31.22 1200.0 -6.844 69.284 700.0 36.087 1250.0 1.7 70.473 650.0 40.95 1300.0 10.25 71.65 600.0 41.531 1350.0 10.366 72.696 550.0 42.265 1400.0 10.482 74.048 500.0 49.385 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