#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
#                World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
#                                  and 
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#----------------------------------------------------------------------- 

# NOTE: Please cite original reference when using these data,
# plus the Online Resource and date accessed.

# Original_Source_URL: http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.755092?format=html
# Archive: Marine sediment
#--------------------
# Contribution_Date
# Date: 03-Jan-2015
#--------------------
# Title
# Study_name: MSM5/5-712   Marine sediment Planktic foraminifers
#--------------------
# Investigators
# Investigators: Spielhagen, Robert F. and Werner, Kirstin and S#--------------------
# Publication
#       Authors: McKay, N.P. and Kaufman, D.S. 
#       Journal_Name: Nature Scientific Data
#       Published Title: An extended Arctic proxy temperature database for the past 2,000 years 
#       Published Date: August 2014 
#       DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2014.26 
#       Abstract: Robust climate reconstructions of the most recent centuries and millennia are invaluable for placing modern warming in the context of natural variability. Here we present an extended and revised database (version 1.1) of proxy temperature records recently used to reconstruct Arctic temperatures for the past 2,000 years. The datasets are presented in a machine-readable format, and have been extended with the geochronologic data and consistently generated time-uncertain ensembles, which will be useful in future analyses of the influence of geochronologic uncertainty. A revised reconstruction using the included updates and corrections suggests a stronger long-term cooling trend between AD 1 and 1900 than previously reported, although decadal to century variability remains consistent with previous studies. Comparisons with the observational record of temperature suggest that as a whole, the datasets faithfully record temperature variability across the Arctic, especially in northeast Canada and Greenland, where the density of records is highest. 
#--------------------
# Publication
#       Authors: Spielhagen, Robert F. and Werner, Kirstin and S#       Journal Name: Science 
#       Published Title: Enhanced Modern Heat Transfer to the Arctic by Warm Atlantic Water 
#       Published Date: 2011 
#       DOI: 10.1126/science.1197397 
#       Abstract: The Arctic is responding more rapidly to global warming than most other areas on our planet. Northward-flowing Atlantic Water is the major means of heat advection toward the Arctic and strongly affects the sea ice distribution. Records of its natural variability are critical for the understanding of feedback mechanisms and the future of the Arctic climate system, but continuous historical records reach back only ~150 years. Here, we present a multidecadal-scale record of ocean temperature variations during the past 2000 years, derived from marine sediments off Western Svalbard (79°N). We find that early–21st-century temperatures of Atlantic Water entering the Arctic Ocean are unprecedented over the past 2000 years and are presumably linked to the Arctic amplification of global warming. 
#--------------------
# Site_Information
#        Site_Name: MSM5_5-712
#        Region: Arctic
#        Northernmost Latitude: 78.92
#        Southernmost Latitude: 78.92
#        Easternmost Longitude: -6.77
#        Westernmost Longitude: -6.77
#--------------------
# Data_Collection
#        Collection_Name: Spielhagen.2011.MSM5_5-712
#        Earliest_Year: -40.45
#        Most_Recent_Year: 2002.6
#        Time_Unit: AD
#        Core_Length: 45.25 (in cm)
#--------------------
# Chronology
          depth_top (mm) | depth_bot (mm) | age14C (bp) | age_error (1s) | reservoir (age) | age (bp) | cal_age_error (1s) | depth (mm) | thickness (mm)
          0                5                NA            NA               NA                -57        1                    2.5          5
          145              150              820           25               402               476        23                   147.5        5
          210              220              1290          30               402               838        45                   215          10
          305              310              1760          25               402               1303       25                   307.5        5
          415              425              2270          25               402               1878       39                   420          10
#--------------------
# Variables
# Data line variables format:  9 components, and a 10th for climate-sensitive variables: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, direction of relation to climate (positive or negative)
## depth_cm	 depth, , , cm, , ,middle of sample, ,N 
## depthUpper_cm	 depth, , , cm, , ,top of sample, ,N 
## depthLower_cm	 depth, , , cm, , ,bottom of sample, ,N 
## year_AD	 age, , , AD, , ,middle of sample, Bacon ,N 
## yearYoung_AD	 age, , , AD, , ,top of sample, Bacon ,N 
## yearOld_AD	 age, , , AD, , ,bottom of sample, Bacon ,N 
## SST_C	 Temperature,planktic foraminifera,,deg C,Jul-Sep,Paleoceanography,middle age of the sample in years AD,SIMMAX MAT,N,positive
#--------------------
# Data
# Missing_Values: NA
# Age Ensembles archived at Spielhagen.2011.MSM5_5-712_AgeEnsemble.nc 
#depth_cm	depthUpper_cm	depthLower_cm	year_AD	yearYoung_AD	yearOld_AD	SST_C	
0.125	 0.00	 0.25	 2002.575	 2007.25	 1997.90	 6.0
0.375	 0.25	 0.50	 1993.225	 1997.90	 1988.55	 5.4
0.875	 0.75	 1.00	 1974.450	 1979.20	 1969.70	 5.8
1.375	 1.25	 1.50	 1955.500	 1960.20	 1950.80	 5.4
1.875	 1.75	 2.00	 1936.725	 1941.40	 1932.05	 4.6
2.375	 2.25	 2.50	 1917.950	 1922.70	 1913.20	 5.1
2.875	 2.75	 3.00	 1898.975	 1903.70	 1894.25	 5.4
3.375	 3.25	 3.50	 1880.000	 1884.80	 1875.20	 4.1
3.875	 3.75	 4.00	 1860.800	 1865.60	 1856.00	 4.1
4.375	 4.25	 4.50	 1841.650	 1846.40	 1836.90	 4.1
4.875	 4.75	 5.00	 1822.700	 1827.40	 1818.00	 3.2
5.875	 5.75	 6.00	 1785.050	 1789.80	 1780.30	 4.1
6.375	 6.25	 6.50	 1766.025	 1770.80	 1761.25	 3.3
7.375	 7.25	 7.50	 1728.275	 1733.00	 1723.55	 3.5
8.375	 8.25	 8.50	 1690.425	 1695.20	 1685.65	 3.7
9.375	 9.25	 9.50	 1652.175	 1656.90	 1647.45	 3.3
10.375	 10.25	 10.50	 1614.100	 1618.90	 1609.30	 3.1
11.375	 11.25	 11.50	 1575.750	 1580.50	 1571.00	 3.3
12.375	 12.25	 12.50	 1537.500	 1542.30	 1532.70	 3.3
13.375	 13.25	 13.50	 1499.125	 1503.80	 1494.45	 3.1
14.375	 14.25	 14.50	 1460.675	 1465.80	 1455.55	 3.2
15.375	 15.25	 15.50	 1417.100	 1423.10	 1411.10	 2.9
16.375	 16.25	 16.50	 1369.125	 1375.10	 1363.15	 3.5
17.375	 17.25	 17.50	 1321.000	 1327.00	 1315.00	 4.1
18.375	 18.25	 18.50	 1273.025	 1279.00	 1267.05	 3.3
19.375	 19.25	 19.50	 1225.075	 1231.20	 1218.95	 3.4
20.375	 20.25	 20.50	 1176.150	 1182.20	 1170.10	 3.3
21.375	 21.25	 21.50	 1128.650	 1134.70	 1122.60	 3.6
22.375	 22.25	 22.50	 1079.525	 1085.80	 1073.25	 4.1
23.375	 23.25	 23.50	 1029.375	 1035.60	 1023.15	 4.4
24.375	 24.25	 24.50	 979.425	 985.70	 973.15	 3.6
25.375	 25.25	 25.50	 929.400	 935.70	 923.10	 3.3
26.375	 26.25	 26.50	 878.825	 885.10	 872.55	 4.1
27.375	 27.25	 27.50	 828.650	 834.90	 822.40	 4.4
28.375	 28.25	 28.50	 778.550	 784.90	 772.20	 4.1
29.375	 29.25	 29.50	 728.050	 734.30	 721.80	 3.7
30.375	 30.25	 30.50	 677.675	 684.00	 671.35	 3.3
31.375	 31.25	 31.50	 629.025	 634.80	 623.25	 3.1
32.375	 32.25	 32.50	 582.350	 588.20	 576.50	 3.3
33.375	 33.25	 33.50	 535.275	 541.20	 529.35	 4.1
34.375	 34.25	 34.50	 488.100	 494.00	 482.20	 3.3
35.375	 35.25	 35.50	 441.225	 447.10	 435.35	 3.3
36.375	 36.25	 36.50	 393.850	 399.80	 387.90	 3.1
37.375	 37.25	 37.50	 346.600	 352.40	 340.80	 3.2
38.375	 38.25	 38.50	 299.850	 305.70	 294.00	 3.2
39.375	 39.25	 39.50	 253.225	 259.00	 247.45	 3.3
40.375	 40.25	 40.50	 206.900	 212.70	 201.10	 3.1
41.375	 41.25	 41.50	 160.000	 166.00	 154.00	 3.3
42.375	 42.25	 42.50	 111.650	 117.90	 105.40	 2.9
43.375	 43.25	 43.50	 60.725	 67.10	 54.35	 2.8
44.375	 44.25	 44.50	 10.275	 16.60	 3.95	 2.9
45.375	 45.25	 45.50	 -40.450	 -34.20	 -46.70	 3.1
